Happy talk: Perceptual and acoustic effects of smiling on speech
Happy talk: Perceptual and acoustic effects of smiling on speech
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快乐的谈话：微笑对言语的感知和听觉影响
DOI：
10.3758/bf03199901
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. Tartter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Tartter
微笑是全世界公认的幸福的可见表情。微笑的一个副作用是声道的改变，这表明在发声过程中，微笑可以听到也可以看到。本研究对这一假设进行了研究。从6个说话者中收集了29个微笑和直脸的表征，并呈现给三组12个受试者进行强制选择识别。组1和组2，指示选择。对于所有说话者来说，微笑或更快乐的声音表现明显好于Chance。第三组被要求选择更悲伤的声音，他们可靠地选择了直脸代币：对于四个说话者，但其中一个人也选择了微笑的代币。声学分析表明，微笑提高了所有说话者的基频和共振峰频率，以及一些人的幅度和/或持续时间。特定的线索组合似乎被认为是特定的微笑，而其他线索组合通常与情绪化有关。
Smiling is a universally recognized visible expression of happiness. A side effect of smiling is an alteration of the vocal tract, suggesting that during vocalization smiling may be heard as well as seen. The present studies investigated this hypothesis. Smiled and straight-faced tokens of 29 utterances were collected from six speakers, and presented to three groups of 12 subjects for forced-choice identification. Groups 1 and 2, instructed to select the. smiled or happier sound, respectively, performed significantly better than chance for all speakers. Group 3, asked to select the sadder sound, chose the straight-faced token reliably :For four speakers, but for one also picked the smiled token. Acoustic analyses showed that smiling raised the fundamental and formant frequencies for all speakers and amplitude and/or duration for some. Particular cue combinations appear to be heard as smiling specifically, whereas others are associated with emotionality in general.