Detection and analysis of Staphylococcus aureus isolates found in ambulances in the Chicago metropolitan area
Detection and analysis of Staphylococcus aureus isolates found in ambulances in the Chicago metropolitan area
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajic.2011.08.021
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Yasmine, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rago, James V.;Keith, Lieutenant;Yasmine, Christian
背景资料：鉴于在各种院前环境中发现许多不同金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的频率，本研究试图表征从一个这样的环境中提取的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株。目的是确定整个芝加哥大都市地区前线高级生命支持（ALS）救护车中金黄色葡萄球菌的频率，并使用8种临床相关抗生素生成每种金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的抗生素谱（抗生素耐药性谱）。方法：从芝加哥地区34个不同城市的71辆救护车的26个地点获取样本。选择生长模式与金黄色葡萄球菌一致的菌落，进行金黄色葡萄球菌特异性乳胶凝集试验。抗生素和遗传分析进行了所有乳胶凝集试验阳性的isolations.Results：至少有一个金黄色葡萄球菌菌株被发现在约69%的所有救护车的研究。在检测到的所有分离株中，77%对至少一种抗生素具有耐药性，34%对2种或更多种抗生素具有耐药性。在21%的分离株中发现了一定水平的苯唑西林耐药性;然而，发现这些苯唑西林耐药性分离株中仅略多于一半携带耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌特异性SCCmec盒。大约12%的所有菌株最终确定为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，而其余的88%是不同的抗生素耐药性graft.Conclusions：抗生素耐药性似乎是普遍的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株检测芝加哥地区ALS救护车。考虑到金黄色葡萄球菌可以在无生命的表面上生存并交换抗生素抗性元素，需要认真对待现有清洁技术的应用，特别是在关键的救护站。未来的工作将包括使用多种技术进一步表征分离株，以及与感兴趣的市政当局进行后续研究。版权所有（C）2012由感染控制和流行病学专业人员协会，Inc.爱思唯尔公司出版。All rights reserved.
Background: Given the frequency with which many different strains of Staphylococcus aureus are found in various prehospital settings, this study sought to characterize S aureus isolates taken from one such environment. The objectives were to determine the frequency of S aureus in front-line, advanced life support (ALS) ambulances throughout the Chicago metropolitan area, and to generate antibiograms (antibiotic resistance profiles) for each S aureus isolate using 8 clinically relevant antibiotics.Methods: Samples were obtained from 26 sites in 71 ambulances from 34 different Chicago-area municipalities. Selected colonies that demonstrated a growth pattern consistent with that of S aureus were subjected to a latex agglutination test specific for S aureus. Antibiograms and genetic analyses were performed on all latex agglutination test-positive isolates.Results: At least one S aureus isolate was found in approximately 69% of all ambulances in the study. Of all isolates detected, 77% showed resistance to at least one antibiotic, and 34% displayed resistance to 2 or more antibiotics. Some level of oxacillin resistance was found in 21% of isolates; however, only slightly more than half of these oxacillin-resistant isolates were found to carry the methicillin-resistant S aureuse specific SCCmec cassette. Some 12% of all isolates were ultimately determined to be methicillin-resistant S aureus, whereas the remaining 88% were methicillin-sensitive S aureus with varying antibiograms.Conclusions: Antibiotic resistance appears to be prevalent in S aureus isolates detected in Chicago area ALS ambulances. Given the ease with which S aureus can survive on inanimate surfaces and exchange antibiotic resistance elements, a conscientious approach to the application of existing cleaning techniques, especially in key ambulance sites, is needed. Future work will include further characterizing isolates using multiple techniques, as well as follow-up studies with interested municipalities. Copyright (C) 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.