Towards an understanding of the role of clay minerals in crude oil formation, migration and accumulation
Towards an understanding of the role of clay minerals in crude oil formation, migration and accumulation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.10.001
复制
发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
L. Wu;C. Zhou;J. Keeling;D. Tong;W. Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Wu;C. Zhou;J. Keeling;D. Tong;W. Yu
本文综述了粘土矿物在原油形成、运移和聚集中的作用的认识进展。粘土矿物参与干酪根的形成、干酪根催化裂化成石油烃、原油的运移以及地下石油储层中烃成分的持续变化。在干酪根形成过程中，粘土矿物充当催化剂和吸附剂，通过美拉德反应、多酚理论、选择性保存和吸附保护机制，通过配体交换、疏水相互作用和阳离子桥固定有机质。粘土矿物还充当通过粘土表面上的路易斯和布朗斯台德酸性位点将干酪根酸催化裂化为石油烃的催化剂。粘土矿物的数量和类型影响石油的组成。粘土矿物的布朗斯台德酸度受到层间水的存在和状态的影响，而层间水的驱替可能是原油从源岩运移的驱动因素。在原油在储层中运移和聚集的过程中，石油的组成通过与粘土矿物的相互作用而不断改变。即使粘土正在被成岩过程转化，它们仍继续充当吸附剂和催化剂。粘土矿物与原油形成之间的化学相互作用和反应机制的细节仍有待充分解释，但有望提供更广泛应用的见解，包括生物质的催化转化作为未来可持续能源的来源。
This article reviews progress in the understanding of the role of clay minerals in crude oil formation, migration and accumulation. Clay minerals are involved in the formation of kerogen, catalytic cracking of kerogen into petroleum hydrocarbon, the migration of crude oil, and the continued change to hydrocarbon composition in underground petroleum reservoirs. In kerogen formation, clay minerals act as catalysts and sorbents to immobilize organic matter through ligand exchange, hydrophobic interactions and cation bridges by the mechanisms of Maillard reactions, polyphenol theory, selective preservation and sorptive protection. Clay minerals also serve as catalysts in acid-catalyzed cracking of kerogen into petroleum hydrocarbon through Lewis and Brønsted acid sites on the clay surface. The amount and type of clay mineral affect the composition of the petroleum. Brønsted acidity of clay minerals is affected by the presence and state of interlayer water, and displacement of this water is a probable driver in crude oil migration from source rocks. During crude oil migration and accumulation in reservoirs, the composition of petroleum is continually modified by interaction with clay minerals. The clays continue to function as sorbents and catalysts even while they are being transformed by diagenetic processes. The detail of chemical interactions and reaction mechanisms between clay minerals and crude oil formation remains to be fully explained but promises to provide insights with broader application, including catalytic conversion of biomass as a source of sustainable energy into the future.