Evaluating experience sampling of stress in a single-subject research design
Evaluating experience sampling of stress in a single-subject research design
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DOI：
10.1007/s00779-012-0512-7
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发表时间：
2013-04
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通讯作者：
U. Atz
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文献类型：
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作者：
U. Atz
我们如何测量主观体验或内部状态？例如，幸福作为政策决定中的一个利益变量的兴起，需要适当的方法来进行有效和实际的测量。这项自我实验工作通过分析和评估三种记录压力的方法为科学发展做出了贡献：使用智能手机的经验采样方法、一天重建方法的改编版本（DRM，日记方法）和无处不在的心率生物物理测量。所有这三种方法产生显着的治疗效果为八个“自然实验”的压力。令人惊讶的是，DRM优于其他两种方法在一个简单的因素分析，似乎没有回忆偏见。反应性也没有实质性的影响，应用研究人员应该尽量减少输入的复杂性（问题的数量和类型，界面和整合），而不是减少提示的数量。一些证据表明，Likert类型的量表应优于连续量表。这项工作也反映了单一主题研究的性质和实验者的作用。
How can we measure subjective experiences or internal states? The rise of happiness as a variable of interest in policy decisions, for instance, necessitates appropriate methods for valid and practical measurements. This self-experimental work contributes to scientific development by analysing and evaluating three methods for recording stress: the experience sampling method with a smartphone, an adapted version of the day reconstruction method (DRM, a diary method) and an ubiquitous biophysical measure of the heart rate. All three methods yield significant treatment effects for eight “natural experiments” as stressors. Surprisingly, the DRM outperforms the other two methods in a simple factor analysis and appears to have no recall bias. Also reactivity has no substantial impact, and an applied researcher should minimise the complexity of the input (amount and type of questions, interface and integration) rather than reduce the number of prompts. Some evidence suggests a Likert-type scale should be preferred over a continuous one. This work also reflects upon the nature of single-subject research and the role of the experimenter.