Could plant‐feeding nematodes affect the competition between grass species during succession in grasslands under restoration management?
Could plant‐feeding nematodes affect the competition between grass species during succession in grasslands under restoration management?
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.00710.x
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发表时间：
2002-10
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
B. C. Verschoor;T. Pronk;Ron G.M. de Goede;L. Brussaard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. C. Verschoor;T. Pronk;Ron G.M. de Goede;L. Brussaard
1 我们研究了食草线虫对毛毛线虫和玉竹之间竞争的影响。在荷兰Drentse A自然保护区，以H. lanatus为代表的相对生产力较高的草原，在停止施肥后逐渐被以A. odoratum为代表的生产力较低的群落所取代。通常认为受到压力的植物对食草更加敏感。 2 我们假设，以植物为食的线虫会加剧 H. lanatus 由于营养限制而导致的竞争劣势。我们将调整后的 De Wit 替代系列与单一栽培的性能进行了比较，这些单一栽培在经过或未经杀线虫剂处理的土壤中生长，无论是低养分供应还是高养分供应。 3 两种植物的生物量生产均受到种内和种间竞争的负面影响。尽管在混合培养中，H. lanatus 是比玉竹更强的竞争者，但它对植物性线虫和营养限制更敏感。因此，线虫和营养胁迫减少了毛竹对玉竹的竞争性抑制。低养分利用率并没有增强以植物为食的线虫对植物生长和竞争的影响，表明对植物性能的影响是累加效应而不是协同效应。 4 我们的结论是，以植物为食的线虫可能有助于停止施肥后草原的物种更替，尽管其程度小于养分有效性的减少。一般来说，植物物种对食草线虫的耐受性存在差异，而不是线虫的宿主特异性，这是造成任何影响的原因。
1 We examined the effects of plant‐feeding nematodes on competition between Holcus lanatus and Anthoxanthum odoratum. In the Drentse A nature reserve, the Netherlands, a relatively productive grassland, represented by H. lanatus, has gradually been replaced by a less‐productive community, represented by A. odoratum, after the application of fertiliser was stopped. Stressed plants are generally considered to be more sensitive to herbivory. 2 We hypothesized that plant‐feeding nematodes would exacerbate the competitive disadvantage of H. lanatus resulting from nutrient limitation. We compared performance in an adjusted De Wit replacement series with monocultures, grown in soil that was either treated or untreated with nematicides at both low and high nutrient supply. 3 The biomass production of both plant species was negatively affected by intra‐ and interspecific competition. Although H. lanatus was a stronger competitor than A. odoratum in mixed cultures, it was more sensitive to plant‐feeding nematodes and nutrient limitation. Nematodes and nutrient stress therefore reduced the competitive suppression of A. odoratum by H. lanatus. Low nutrient availability did not enhance the effect of plant‐feeding nematodes on plant growth and competition, indicating additive rather than synergistic effects on plant performance. 4 We conclude that plant‐feeding nematodes may contribute to species replacements in grasslands after fertilization has been stopped, albeit to a lesser extent than reduced nutrient availability. Plant species‐specific differences in tolerance to plant‐feeding nematodes in general, rather than host specificity of nematodes, are responsible for any effects.