Quality analysis of dual-frequency smartphone-based ionospheric TEC measurements: what can be achieved?
Quality analysis of dual-frequency smartphone-based ionospheric TEC measurements: what can be achieved?
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DOI：
10.4401/ag-8517
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Schmitz, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruno, Jon;Darugna, Francesco;Schmitz, Martin
基于智能手机的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）芯片组的质量不断提高，为定位、导航和定时应用的科学研究开辟了新的前沿。这些仪器的便携性和经济性可加强目前用于大气监测目的的全球导航卫星系统接收器全球网络。然而，从智能手机收集的测量结果的质量尚未得到充分评估。在本文中，基于智能手机的总电子含量（TEC）测量的质量进行了分析。这项工作的主要重点是对使用智能手机观测电离层科学的潜力进行一般分析。双频相位观测被用来测量相对TEC。对于该实验，考虑了使用Xiaomi Mi 8和Huawei Mate 20 X智能手机获取的GPS L1/L5和Galileo E1/E5 a观测。这两个设备都配备了Broadcom BCM 47755芯片组，可进行GNSS双频测量，在太阳活动较低的时期，在中纬度收集了100多个小时的相位观测。定义了三种不同的设置配置，以评估多径或信号强度可能对相位观测质量的影响。此外，为了检测和丢弃不切实际的波动相位观测值，进行了质量检查。结果表明，来自智能手机的倾斜TEC（sTEC）测量值与来自共址大地测量接收机的sTEC测量值之间具有良好的一致性。此外，质量检查丢弃的观测量和质量的报告，其中强调使用的信号强度来指示相位观测的质量。结果表明，C/N-0和多径是重要的-当从大地测量天线收集数据时，大约80%的收集数据通过了质量阈值。然而，通过添加衰减器或直接从智能手机天线收集数据，将有效数据减少到50%以下。然而，考虑到智能手机易于使用的数据收集，即使在50%的数据是可用的，这表明作为一个有用的过程TEC电离层观测的潜力。
The growing quality of smartphone-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) chipsets opens a new frontier for scientific research in positioning, navigation and timing applications. The portability and affordability of these instruments could enhance the current GNSS receiver global network for atmospheric monitoring purposes. However, the quality of the measurements gathered from smartphones have not yet been fully assessed. In this paper, an analysis of the quality of smartphone-based Total Electron Content (TEC) measurements is performed. The primary focus of this work is to provide a general analysis on the potential of using smartphone observations for ionospheric sciences. Dual-frequency phase observations are used to measure the relative TEC. For this experiment, GPS L1/L5 and Galileo E1/E5a observations acquired with the Xiaomi Mi8 and Huawei Mate20 X smartphones were considered. Both devices are equipped with the Broadcom BCM47755 chipset, which enables GNSS dual-frequency measurements.More than 100 hours of phase observations at mid-latitude during a low solar activity period were gathered. Three different setup configurations were defined to assess the effects multipath or signal strength may have in the quality of the phase observations. In addition, to detect and discard unrealistic fluctuating phase observations, a quality-check was performed.In the results, good agreement between the slant TEC (sTEC) measurements from the smartphone and the sTEC obtained from a co-located geodetic receiver is presented. Furthermore, the amount and quality of observations discarded by the quality-check are reported, which emphasizes the use of the signal strength to indicate the quality of phase observations. The results indicate that the.C/N-0 and multipath are important - when gathering the data from a geodetic antenna, around 80% of the collected data passed a quality threshold. However, collecting data with the addition of an attenuator, or directly from the smartphone antenna, reduced the valid data to below 50%. However, given the ease of use of a smartphone for data collection, even at 50% of data being usable, this shows potential as a useful course of TEC for ionospheric observations.