Fatty Acid Status and Its Relationship to Cognitive Decline and Homocysteine Levels in the Elderly
Fatty Acid Status and Its Relationship to Cognitive Decline and Homocysteine Levels in the Elderly
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DOI：
10.3390/nu6093624
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Garcia, Solange C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baierle, Marilia;Vencato, Patricia H.;Garcia, Solange C.
多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），特别是n-3系列，以其保护作用而闻名。考虑到心血管疾病是老年痴呆症的危险因素，本研究的目的是评估老年人的脂肪酸状态是否与认知功能和心血管风险相关。45名老年人（年龄60岁）被包括在内，并根据他们的简易精神状态检查评分调整的教育水平分为两组：病例组（n = 12）和对照组（n = 33）。评估血清脂肪酸组成、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、hs-CRP、血脂和不同认知领域。与对照组相比，以认知能力降低为特征的病例组显示出较高水平的14：0、16：0、16：1 n-7脂肪酸和较低水平的22：0、24：1 n-9、22：6 n-3（DHA）和总PUFA（p < 0.05）。两个研究组的n-6/n-3比值均升高，而病例组中观察到Hcy、hs-CRP和血脂谱的改变。认知功能与24：1 n-9、DHA和总n-3 PUFA正相关，而14：0、16：0和16：1 n-7脂肪酸、n-6/n-3比率和Hcy呈负相关。此外，n-3多不饱和脂肪酸，特别是DHA，与心血管风险呈负相关，通过老年人的Hcy水平进行评估。
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially the n-3 series, are known for their protective effects. Considering that cardiovascular diseases are risk factors for dementia, which is common at aging, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether fatty acid status in the elderly was associated with cognitive function and cardiovascular risk. Forty-five elderly persons (age 60 years) were included and divided into two groups based on their Mini-Mental Status Examination score adjusted for educational level: the case group (n = 12) and the control group (n = 33). Serum fatty acid composition, homocysteine (Hcy), hs-CRP, lipid profile and different cognitive domains were evaluated. The case group, characterized by reduced cognitive performance, showed higher levels of 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n-7 fatty acids and lower levels of 22:0, 24:1n-9, 22:6n-3 (DHA) and total PUFAs compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The n-6/n-3 ratio was elevated in both study groups, whereas alterations in Hcy, hs-CRP and lipid profile were observed in the case group. Cognitive function was positively associated with the 24:1n-9, DHA and total n-3 PUFAs, while 14:0, 16:0 and 16:1n-7 fatty acids, the n-6/n-3 ratio and Hcy were inversely associated. In addition, n-3 PUFAs, particularly DHA, were inversely associated with cardiovascular risk, assessed by Hcy levels in the elderly.