High-functioning autism and schizophrenia - A comparison of an early and late onset neurodevelopmental disorder
High-functioning autism and schizophrenia - A comparison of an early and late onset neurodevelopmental disorder
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DOI：
10.1016/s0887-6177(01)00129-9
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Seaton, BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein, G;Minshew, NJ;Seaton, BE
自闭症和精神分裂症是两种不同的神经发育障碍，它们都有一些人际和认知缺陷。自闭症的症状首先出现在生命的早期，而精神分裂症的症状通常最早要到青春期才出现。已经努力描述这两种疾病的认知功能模式，并且某些相似性已经变得明显，例如抽象推理的缺陷以及记忆和语言的更复杂方面。本研究提供了两种疾病之间的认知功能比较。自闭症样本由诊断良好的高功能自闭症患者（智商大于或等于70）组成。精神分裂症样本被分为四个亚组使用沃德的聚类分析方法。受试者接受韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）、霍尔斯特德分类测验、连线测验和威斯康星州卡片分类测验（WCST）。自闭症样本的配置文件进行了比较，与四个精神分裂症集群配置文件。自闭症组与精神分裂症组中的一组相似，两组在WAIS-R信息和积木设计子测试中均表现出升高，而在理解和数字符号测试中表现出降低。得出的结论是，高功能自闭症患者的认知特征类似于精神分裂症患者的经验衍生亚组，但不类似于在其他精神分裂症亚组中发现的特征。这种模式本身的特点是，在言语分测验中，理解分测验的得分相对较低，在表现分测验中，积木设计分测验的得分相对较高。过去，这种模式被认为是高功能自闭症的典型特征。(C)2002年国家神经心理学学院。出版社：Elsevier Science Ltd
Autism and schizophrenia are separate neurodevelopmental disorders that share a number of interpersonal and cognitive deficits. The symptoms of autism first appear during early life while schizophrenic symptoms do not typically appear until adolescence at the earliest. Efforts have been made to characterize the pattern of cognitive function in both disorders, and certain resemblances have become apparent such as deficits in abstract reasoning and the more complex aspects of memory and language. The present study provided a comparison of cognitive function between the two disorders. The autistic sample consisted of well-diagnosed individuals with high-functioning autism (IQ greater than or equal to 70). The schizophrenic sample was divided into four subgroups using Ward's method of cluster analysis. Participants received the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), the Halstead Category Test, the Trail Making test, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (WCST). The profile of the autism sample was compared with the four schizophrenia cluster profiles. The autism group resembled only one of the schizophrenia clusters, with both showing elevations on the WAIS-R Information and Block Design subtests and depressions on Comprehension and Digit Symbol. It was concluded that individuals with high-functioning autism have a cognitive profile that resembles that of an empirically derived subgroup of schizophrenia patients but that does not resemble profiles found in other schizophrenia subgroups. The pattern itself, marked by a relatively depressed score on the Comprehension subtest among the Verbal subtests and a relatively elevated score on Block Design among the Performance subtests, has been characterized in the past as a prototypic profile for high-functioning autism. (C) 2002 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.