Effects of age on contextually mediated associations in paired associate learning
Effects of age on contextually mediated associations in paired associate learning
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.22.4.846
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Howard, Marc W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Provyn, Jennifer P.;Sliwinski, Martin J.;Howard, Marc W.
老年人和年轻人学习配对联想的单一功能列表，没有上下文重叠（例如，J-K，L-M）和由配对链组成的配对缔合物的双功能列表（例如，A-B、B-C）。虽然年轻人在两种配对类型上的表现都优于老年人，但配对类型X年龄之间存在强烈的相互作用。入侵分析的证据表明，老年人的表现比预期的上下文重叠的双功能对，因为他们较少受到响应竞争的双功能对。年轻的成年人作出了较大比例的落后和远程入侵双功能探头比老年人。因此，在正确回忆概率和入侵分析的组差异表明，向后和传递协会是敏感的老化。的时间背景模型和假设，老年人在形成新的项目背景协会受损的理论框架内的结果进行了讨论。
Older and young adults learned single-function lists of paired associates with no contextual overlap (e.g., J-K, L-M) and double-function lists of paired associates consisting of chains of pairs (e.g., A-B, B-C). Although young adults outperformed older adults on both pair types, there was a robust Pair Type X Age interaction. Evidence from intrusion analyses shows that older adults performed better than would be expected on the contextually overlapping double-function pairs because they were less subject to response competition for the double-function pairs. Young adults made a larger proportion of backward and remote intrusions to double-function probes than did older adults. Thus, group differences in both correct-recall probabilities and intrusion analysis suggest that backward and transitive associations are sensitive to aging. The results are discussed within the theoretical framework of the temporal context model and the hypothesis that older adults are impaired at forming new item-context associations.