Event-related potentials findings differ between children and adults during arithmetic-fact retrieval
Event-related potentials findings differ between children and adults during arithmetic-fact retrieval
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在算术事实检索过程中，儿童和成人的事件相关电位发现存在差异
DOI：
10.1016/j.neulet.2009.10.094
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
V. Guerrero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belén Prieto;M. Rodríguez;J. Silva;E. Marosi;T. Fernández;V. Guerrero
算术计算的一些认知能力依赖于从长期记忆中检索算术事实。通过事件相关电位（ERP）实验研究了成人的算术事实检索。然而，关于儿童的这类信息却很少。据报道，从9岁开始，儿童就采用记忆检索策略来解决简单的乘法问题。本研究比较了儿童和成人在接受ERP记录时的算术事实检索。受试者被要求对简单乘法问题的答案做出判断。两组参与者都表现出所谓的算术N400效应，即错误的答案相对于正确的答案。成人表现为后验N400效应，儿童表现为广泛分布的N400效应。儿童比成人表现出更大的振幅和更长的潜伏期算术N400分量；这一观察结果可能是由于儿童比成人在解决实验问题时付出了更大的努力，涉及更广泛的皮层激活。后期正成分（LPC）遵循算术N400，之前在成人受试者中已经描述过，在现在的成人受试者中观察到，但在儿童中只存在于正确的解决方案中。这些结果可能表明，相对于成人，儿童表现出较慢的记忆检索和对正确和错误答案的验证机制的不同模式。
Some cognitive abilities of arithmetical calculation depend on retrieval of arithmetic facts from long-term memory. Arithmetic-fact retrieval has been studied in adults through Event-Related Potentials (ERP) experiments. Such information in children, however, has been scarce. It has been reported that from the age of 9 years, children employ a memory retrieval strategy for solving simple multiplication problems. The present study compared arithmetical-fact retrieval in children and adults while they were being subjected to ERP recording. The subjects were asked to make judgments about solutions to simple multiplication problems. Both groups of participants displayed the so-called arithmetic N400 effect for incorrect solutions relative to correct solutions. Adults showed a posterior N400 effect, while children showed a widely distributed N400 effect. Children displayed a larger amplitude and longer latency arithmetic N400 component than adults; this observation could be due to children exerting greater effort involving more widespread cortical activation than adults to solve the experimental problems. The Late Positive Component (LPC), which follows the arithmetic N400 and has been described previously in adult subjects, was observed in the present adult subjects, but was present in children only for correct solutions. These results may indicate that, relative to adults, children showed slower memory retrieval and a different pattern of a verification mechanism for correct and incorrect solutions.