Exercise and arterial adaptation in humans: uncoupling localized and systemic effects
Exercise and arterial adaptation in humans: uncoupling localized and systemic effects
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.01371.2010
复制
发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Green, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rowley, Nicola J.;Dawson, Ellen A.;Green, Daniel J.
先前的研究已经确定了运动训练对人类动脉壁厚度、重塑和功能的影响，但这些变化在多大程度上是局部或全身介导的尚不清楚。我们检查了优秀网球运动员的优势(D)和非优势（ND）上肢的肱动脉，并将其与匹配的健康非运动对照进行了比较。两组患者的颈动脉和股浅动脉反应也被评估。采用高分辨率双超检查静息直径、壁厚、峰直径和血流量。我们发现运动员首选臂的静息动脉直径（4.9 +/- 0.5 mm）相对于非首选臂（4.3 +/- 0.4 mm, P < 0.05）和对照组（D: 4.1 +/- 0.4 mm; ND: 4.0 +/- 0.4, P < 0.05）更大。类似的肢体特异性差异在三硝酸甘油给药后的肱动脉扩张容量（5.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.4, 4.8 +/- 0.6和4.8 +/- 0.6 mm，分别P < 0.05）和缺血握力运动后的血流量峰值（1118 +/- 326 vs. 732 +/- 320, 737 +/- 219和698 +/- 174 ml/min，分别P < 0.05）也很明显。相反,运动员证明持续降低壁厚在颈动脉(509 + / - 55亩),臂(D: 239 + / - 100μm, ND: 234 + / - 133μm),和股(D: 479 + / - 38μm, ND: 479 + / - 42μm)与对照组相比动脉(颈动脉:618 + / - 74μm;臂D: 516 + / - 100μm, ND: 539 + / - 129μm;股D: 634 + / - 155μm, ND: 589 + / - 112μm,所有P < 0.05与运动员),没有四肢的两组之间的差异。这些数据表明，运动对动脉大小重塑的局部影响是明显的，而动脉壁厚度似乎受到全身因素的影响。
Previous studies have established effects of exercise training on arterial wall thickness, remodeling, and function in humans, but the extent to which these changes are locally or systemically mediated is unclear. We examined the brachial arteries of the dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) upper limbs of elite racquet sportsmen and compared them to those of matched healthy inactive controls. Carotid and superficial femoral artery responses were also assessed in both groups. High-resolution duplex ultrasound was used to examine resting diameter, wall thickness, peak diameter, and blood flow. We found larger resting arterial diameter in the preferred arm of the athletes (4.9 +/- 0.5 mm) relative to their nonpreferred arm (4.3 +/- 0.4 mm, P < 0.05) and both arms of control subjects (D: 4.1 +/- 0.4 mm; ND: 4.0 +/- 0.4, P < 0.05). Similar limb-specific differences were also evident in brachial artery dilator capacity (5.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.4, 4.8 +/- 0.6, and 4.8 +/- 0.6 mm, respectively; P < 0.05) following glyceryl trinitrate administration and peak blood flow (1,118 +/- 326 vs. 732 +/- 320, 737 +/- 219, and 698 +/- 174 ml/min, respectively; P < 0.05) following ischemic handgrip exercise. In contrast, athletes demonstrated consistently lower wall thickness in carotid (509 +/- 55 mu m), brachial (D: 239 +/- 100 mu m; ND: 234 +/- 133 mu m), and femoral (D: 479 +/- 38 mu m; ND: 479 +/- 42 mu m) arteries compared with control subjects (carotid: 618 +/- 74 mu m; brachial D: 516 +/- 100 mu m; ND: 539 +/- 129 mu m; femoral D: 634 +/- 155 mu m; ND: 589 +/- 112 mu m; all P < 0.05 vs. athletes), with no differences between the limbs of either group. These data suggest that localized effects of exercise are evident in the remodeling of arterial size, whereas arterial wall thickness appears to be affected by systemic factors.