MYRMECOCHOROUS PLANTS IN AUSTRALIA AND THEIR DISPERSAL BY ANTS
MYRMECOCHOROUS PLANTS IN AUSTRALIA AND THEIR DISPERSAL BY ANTS
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DOI：
10.1071/bt9750475
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
BERG, RY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BERG, RY
现场试验和观察表明，C.澳大利亚维管植物有24科87属1500种是蚁群分布的，即由于其种子或果实上的吸引蚂蚁的结构（elaiosomes）而经常被蚂蚁传播。蚂蚁对elaiosome的行为主要取决于蚂蚁的种类，但也取决于个体蚂蚁和现场情况。澳大利亚的蚁群植物出乎意料地多，与北方已知的植物有显著的不同。大部分是灌木。双列分布很常见。辅助myrmecochorous功能是罕见的。油溶体通常是坚固和持久的。澳大利亚的密生植物不是森林中生植物，因为是大多数以前已知的，但澳大利亚干燥的石南和硬叶植物的旱生植物。显然，桃金娘并不是随着移民植物被带到澳大利亚的，而是在澳大利亚境内发展起来的，可能是在第三纪时干旱栖息地的选择性影响下传播的。
Field experinfents and observations indicate that c. 1500 species, representing 87 genera and 24 families, of Australian vascular plants are myrmecochorous, i.e. regularly dispersed by ants because of ant-attracting structures (elaiosomes) on their seeds or fruits. Ant behaviour towards an elaiosome depends primarily upon the species of ant but also upon the individual ant and the field situation. Australian myrmecochorous plants are unexpectedly numerous and strikingly different from those known from the northern hemisphere. Most of them are shrubs. Diplochory is common. Subsidiary myrmecochorous features are rare. The elaiosomes are often firm and persistent. Australian myrmecochorous plants are not forest mesophytes, as are most of those previously known, but xerophytes of the Australian dry heath and sclerophyll vegetation. Apparently myrmecochory was not brought to Australia with immigrating plants, but developed within Australia, probably under the selective influence of xeric habitats as they spread during the Tertiary.