The fate of missing ocean plastics: Are they just a marine environmental problem?
The fate of missing ocean plastics: Are they just a marine environmental problem?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153935
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发表时间：
2022-02-25
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Iwasaki, Shinsuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Isobe, Atsuhiko;Iwasaki, Shinsuke
排放到海洋中的管理不善的塑料废物（海洋塑料）的命运仍然是一个争论的话题，世界海洋中泄漏和丰富之间的质量不平衡似乎是矛盾的。在本研究中，海洋塑料质量的预算是基于数值粒子跟踪和线性质量平衡模型的组合进行估计的，两者都使用全球海洋塑料数据集进行了验证。整合1961-2017年期间全球河流和渔业宏观塑料排放的时间序列，得出总质量为2530万公吨（MMT）。目前漂浮在海洋中的宏观塑料和微塑料，以及海滩上的微塑料，各占全球海洋塑料排放量的3-4%。总体而言，23.4%的海洋塑料是海滩上的大型塑料。与此同时，66.7%的海洋塑料比海水重，或者是从上层海洋和海滩移走的微塑料，这些塑料在目前全球采用的观测框架下难以监测。然而，目前对海洋塑料的研究表明，整个海洋塑料仅占20世纪60年代至今天产生的管理不善的塑料废物（542.2百万吨）的4.7%。
The fate of mismanaged plastic waste released into oceans (ocean plastics) remains a topic of debate, where the mass imbalance between the leakage and abundance in the world's oceans appears paradoxical. In the present study, a bud-get for ocean plastic mass was estimated based on a combination of numerical particle tracking and linear mass-balance models, both validated using a worldwide ocean plastic dataset. Integrating the time series of worldwide macroplastic emission from both rivers and the fisheries industry over the period 1961-2017 yielded a total mass of 25.3 million metric tonnes (MMT). Macro-and microplastics currently floating in the oceans, and microplastics on beaches, each account for 3-4% of the ocean plastics emitted worldwide to date. Overall, 23.4% of ocean plastics were macroplastics on beaches. Meanwhile, 66.7% of ocean plastics were heavier than seawater or microplastics re-moved from the upper ocean and beaches, which are difficult to monitor under current observation frameworks adopted worldwide. However, the present study on ocean plastics suggested that the whole ocean plastics accounted for only 4.7% of mismanaged plastic waste (542.2 MMT) generated between the 1960s and today.