Hepatitis B in Ghana: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (1995-2015).
Hepatitis B in Ghana: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (1995-2015).
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加纳的丙型肝炎：对患病率研究的系统评价和荟萃分析（1995-2015）。
DOI：
10.1186/s12879-016-1467-5
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发表时间：
2016-03-18
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Agyeman AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ofori-Asenso R;Agyeman AA
虽然慢性B型肝炎（HBV）被认为在加纳具有重大的公共卫生重要性，但对该疾病的负担（流行率）进行的详细审查并不多。本研究旨在总结现有信息，并准确估计加纳过去二十年（1995-2015）的HBV感染率。在PubMed、ScienceDirect、Google Scholar和Africa Journals Online（AJOL）数据库中进行了系统检索，以检索1995年1月1日至2015年10月4日期间发表的主要研究，评估加纳人群中HBV的患病率。这是由人工检索检索到的参考文献补充。分析了加纳所有10个地区的30项研究，涉及总人口规模105，435人。全国HBV感染率为12.3%。无偿献血者（VBDs）、无偿献血者（RBD）和孕妇HBV感染率分别为10.8%、12.7%和13.1%。HBV感染率在1995-2002年期间发表的研究中最高（17.3%），其次是2003-2009年期间发表的研究（14.7%），2010-2015年期间发表的研究中记录的最低患病率（10.2%）。阿散蒂、大阿克拉、东部、北方、中部和布龙-阿哈福地区的地区流行率分别为13.1%、10.6%、13.6%、13.1%、11.5%和13.7%。没有得出沃尔特、西部、上东和上西部地区的汇总数据。农村地区HBV感染率（13.3%）高于城市地区（12.2%）.在全国范围内，16-39岁年龄组的人的HBV感染率最高。B型肝炎感染显然是加纳的一个重要公共卫生问题。高流行率造成的疾病负担要求采取紧急公共卫生干预措施和战略政策方向，以控制疾病，避免未来可能出现的任何爆发。
Although, chronic hepatitis B (HBV) is considered to be of significant public health importance in Ghana, not many reviews detailing the burden (prevalence) of the disease have been conducted. This study was aimed at summarizing the available information and to make an accurate estimate of HBV infection prevalence in Ghana over the last two decades (1995–2015). A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Africa Journals Online (AJOL) databases to retrieve primary studies published between 1st January 1995 and 4th October 2015, assessing the prevalence of HBV among populations in Ghana. This was supplemented by a manual search of retrieved references. Thirty (30) studies across all the ten (10) regions of Ghana and involving an overall population size of 105,435 were analyzed. The national prevalence of HBV as determined by HBsAg seropositivity was 12.3 %. HBV prevalence among voluntary blood donors (VBDs), replacement blood donors (RBDs) and pregnant women were 10.8, 12.7 and 13.1 % respectively. HBV infection prevalence was highest among studies published within the period 1995–2002 (17.3 %), followed by those published within 2003–2009 (14.7 %) and the lowest prevalence rate being recorded across studies published in the period 2010–2015 (10.2 %). Regional prevalence were determined for Ashanti, Greater Accra, Eastern, Northern, central and Brong-Ahafo regions as 13.1, 10.6, 13.6, 13.1, 11.5 and 13.7 % respectively. No aggregate data were derived for Volta, Western, Upper East and Upper West regions. Higher prevalence of HBV infection was attained for rural (13.3 %) compared to urban settings (12.2 %). Across the country, highest HBV infection prevalence rates were recorded in persons within the age group 16–39 years. Hepatitis B infection is clearly an important public health problem in Ghana. The burden of the disease as dictated by a high prevalence rate calls for urgent public health interventions and strategic policy directions to controlling the disease to avert any potential future explosion.