Fe–Mg and Fe–Mn interdiffusion in ilmenite with implications for geospeedometry using oxides

Fe–Mg and Fe–Mn interdiffusion in ilmenite with implications for geospeedometry using oxides
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钛铁矿中 Fe-Mg 和 Fe-Mn 相互扩散对使用氧化物的地球速度测量的影响

DOI:
10.1007/s00410-020-01695-z
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Van Orman, James A.
Van Orman, James A.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Prissel, Kelsey B.;Krawczynski, Michael J.;Van Orman, James A.

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钛铁矿的 Fe-Mg 和 Fe-Mn 相互扩散系数已确定为温度和晶体取向的函数。扩散退火实验在 800 至 1100 之间、1.5 GPa 下进行。对于 Fe-Mg 相互扩散,每个扩散偶均由钛铁矿多晶和取向的硅钛矿单晶组成。钛铁矿多晶中Fe-Mg扩散的活化能(Q)和指前因子()为Q=和=。对于硅藻土单晶来说,存在Fe-Mg相互扩散现象。我们的结果表明晶体取向并没有显着影响扩散速率。对于 Fe-Mn 相互扩散,每个扩散偶由一个钛铁矿多晶和一个含锰钛铁矿多晶组成。对于 Fe-Mn 相互扩散,钛铁矿中 Q=and=。我们没有发现 Fe-Mg 和 Fe-Mn 相互扩散系数存在显着的浓度依赖性。通过将钛铁矿中阳离子扩散的实验结果与之前报道的赤铁矿的实验结果进行比较,我们确定在温度 <1100 时,钛铁矿中的阳离子扩散比赤铁矿中的更快。在方铁矿-磁铁矿缓冲区附近的氧逸度下,钛铁矿和钛磁铁矿的 Fe 和 Mn 扩散速率相似。我们将这些实验确定的阳离子扩散速率应用于天然火山样品中钛铁矿中观察到的不平衡,以估计主教凝灰岩、鱼峡谷凝灰岩、云仙山、圣海伦斯山和金伯利岩的扰动和喷发之间的时间。当与化学分区钛铁矿的自然观察以及对喷发前温度和粒度的限制相结合时,我们通过实验确定的钛铁矿扩散率可用于估计岩浆扰动和喷发之间的最短时间(从几小时到几个月的时间尺度)。
The Fe–Mg and Fe–Mn interdiffusion coefficients for ilmenite have been determined as a function of temperature and crystallographic orientation. Diffusion annealing experiments were conducted at 1.5 GPa between 800 and 1100. For Fe–Mg interdiffusion, each diffusion couple consisted of an ilmenite polycrystal and an oriented single crystal of geikielite. The activation energy (Q) and pre-exponential factor () for Fe–Mg diffusion in the ilmenite polycrystal were found to beQ=and=. For the geikielite single crystal, Fe–Mg interdiffusion hasand. Our results indicate that crystallographic orientation did not significantly affect diffusion rates. For Fe–Mn interdiffusion, each diffusion couple consisted of one ilmenite polycrystal and one Mn-bearing ilmenite polycrystal. For Fe–Mn interdiffusion,Q=and=in the ilmenite. We did not find a significant concentration dependence for the Fe–Mg and Fe–Mn interdiffusion coefficients. In comparing our experimental results for cation diffusion in ilmenite with those previously reported for hematite, we have determined that cation diffusion is faster in ilmenite than in hematite at temperatures <1100. At oxygen fugacities near the wüstite–magnetite buffer, Fe and Mn diffusion rates are similar for ilmenite and titanomagnetite. We apply these experimentally determined cation diffusion rates to disequilibrium observed in ilmenites from natural volcanic samples to estimate the time between perturbation and eruption for the Bishop Tuff, Fish Canyon Tuff, Mt. Unzen, Mt. St. Helens, and kimberlites. When integrated with natural observations of chemically zoned ilmenite and constraints on pre-eruptive temperature and grain size, our experimentally determined diffusivities for ilmenite can be used to estimate a minimum time between magmatic perturbation and eruption on the timescale of hours to months.
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