The development and consequences of stereotype consciousness in middle childhood
The development and consequences of stereotype consciousness in middle childhood
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.7402012
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Weinstein, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKown, C;Weinstein, RS
两项研究包括202名6至10岁儿童的不同种族样本，考察了儿童意识到他人的刻板印象(“刻板印象意识”)的发展和后果。研究I显示，在6岁到10岁之间，儿童推断个人刻板印象的能力显著增强。儿童对普遍持有的刻板印象的认识也随着年龄的增长而增加，来自学业上受到污蔑的种族群体(非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔)的儿童在所有年龄段都比来自学术上不受耻辱的种族群体(白人和亚洲人)的儿童更有可能意识到广泛存在的刻板印象。研究2显示，在意识到普遍存在的刻板印象的耻辱化种族群体的儿童中，在2个挑战性认知任务和自我报告努力中，诊断测试条件导致刻板印象威胁效应。
Two studies including an ethnically diverse sample of 202 children ages 6 to 10 examined the development and consequences of children's awareness of others' stereotypes ("stereotype consciousness"). Study I revealed that between ages 6 and 10, children's ability to infer an individual's stereotype increases dramatically. Children's awareness of broadly held stereotypes also increases with age, and children from academically stigmatized ethnic groups (African Americans and Latinos) are at all ages more likely be aware of broadly held stereotypes than children from academically nonstigmatized ethnic groups (Whites and Asians). Study 2 revealed that among children from stigmatized ethnic groups aware of broadly held stereotypes, on 1 of 2 challenging cognitive tasks and self-reported effort, diagnostic testing conditions led to stereotype threat effects.