Analysis of heavy pollution episodes in selected cities of northern China
Analysis of heavy pollution episodes in selected cities of northern China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.11.053
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Liu, Zirui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ji, Dongsheng;Wang, Yuesi;Liu, Zirui
对空气污染事件的分析极大地有助于了解空气污染并制定改善空气质量的政策。本研究利用中国科学院大气物理研究所（IAP，CAS）建立的中国北方空气质量监测网络和北京市环境保护局（BJEPB）空气质量监测网络收集的数据，分析了PM10浓度分布的变化。结果显示，2009年10月27日至2009年11月10日期间，石家庄市共发生两次区域性PM10严重污染事件。期间，石家庄市PM10日最高浓度达到600μg·m(-3)，远高于PM10日均浓度150μg·m(-3)的限值。这些气溶胶污染事件伴随着区域性雾霾和低能见度范围。天气格局和远距离输送是控制区域空气污染过程的主要因素。受天气周期影响的运输模式导致研究期间 PM10 和 PM2.5 的时空变化。微风、逆温和低混合层高度的条件促进了 PM10 和 PM2.5 的积累以及气体到颗粒物的处理。在北京，硫酸盐和硝酸盐的浓度约占 PK10 质量的 1/3，约占 PM2.5 质量的 2/3，部分原因是高污染日期间 SO2 中的 SO42- 和 NOx 中的 NO3- 发生额外的二次转化。根据 NOx/SO2 比率，固定人为源仍然是这两次事件中污染的主要来源。解决区域空气污染问题，应更多关注北方经济快速发展带来的排放量增加和雾霾天频率增加等与能见度下降相关的问题。 Crown 版权所有 (C) 2011 由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。保留所有权利。
The analysis of air pollution episodes greatly aids in understanding air pollution and formulating policies to improve air quality. In this study, variations in the distribution of PM10 concentrations were analyzed using data collected from the air quality monitoring network in northern China set up by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP, CAS) and the air quality monitoring network of the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau (BJEPB). The results showed that there were two severe regional PM10 pollution episodes recorded from October 27, 2009, to November 10, 2009. During these pollution episodes, the highest daily PM10 concentration reached 600 jag m(-3) in Shijiazhuang, which is far above the daily PM10 limit of 150 mu g m(-3). These aerosol pollution episodes were accompanied by regional haze and low visibility ranges. Synoptic patterns and long-range transport were the main factors controlling the regional air pollution processes. Transport patterns affected by synoptic cycle resulted in the spatial and temporal variations of PM10 and PM2.5 during the period studied. Conditions with light winds, temperature inversion and low mixed layer heights contributed to the buildup of PM10 and PM2.5 as well as gas-to-particle processing. In Beijing, the concentrations of sulfate and nitrate accounted for similar to 1/3 of the PK10 mass and similar to 2/3 of the PM2.5 mass, part of which is attributed to the additional secondary conversion of SO42- from SO2 and NO3- from NOx during high-pollution days. Stationary anthropogenic sources were still a major contributor to pollution in these two episodes based on the NOx/SO2 ratios. To address regional air pollution, more attention should be paid to the increases in emissions and the higher frequency of haze days, which are associated with degraded visibility, that have accompanied the rapid economic development in northern China. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.