A fast mechanical-access drill for polar glaciology, paleoclimatology, geology, tectonics and biology
A fast mechanical-access drill for polar glaciology, paleoclimatology, geology, tectonics and biology
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发表时间：
2002-03
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通讯作者：
G. Clow;B. Koci
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作者：
G. Clow;B. Koci
我们建议为极地研究开发一种新型钻机，也称为快速机械钻，或连续油管钻冰（CTDI）。建议的钻机在概念上类似于用于商业石油和天然气开发的最新连续油管（CT）钻机。CT钻机使用金属或先进的复合材料管将流体输送到井下驱动切割钻头的液压马达。这种技术应该允许在极地冰中的钻探速率为1040 m·hr − 1。大部分组分都是市售的。CTDI将是：a）能够在6 - 8天内钻穿3 - 4公里的冰，包括准备时间，B）可运输和安装在雪橇上的飞机（LC-130），用于快速动员/复员，c）能够在一个季节钻一系列深钻孔，d）能够产生具有最小热干扰的半永久性均匀直径的孔，e）能够获取岩石芯、冻结沉积物芯，和短的冰芯，f）通过设计足够模块化和灵活，使得可以添加新的工具以满足未来的研究需要。CTDI的能力将填补现有深冰芯钻探和热水钻探之间的空白。据信，新的钻井系统将大大加强目前的几条研究路线，并允许进行目前不可行的新的科学调查。CTDI可以被研究界用来帮助解决有关地球气候系统、冰盖的历史和动态、极地地区的地质和构造以及极地冰盖内和冰盖下的生物学等悬而未决的问题。最后，我们讨论访问演习南极冰下湖泊内的调查条件。
We propose that a new type of drill, alternately known as a Fast Mechanical-Access Drill, or Coiled Tubing Drill for Ice (CTDI), be developed for polar research. The proposed drill is similar in concept to the latest coiled tubing (CT) drills used for commercial oil and gas develop- ment. CT drills use a metal or advanced-composite tube to deliver fluid downhole to a hydraulic motor that drives a cutting bit. This technique should permit drilling rates of ∼ 40 m·hr −1 in polar ice. The bulk of the components are commercially available. The CTDI would be: a) capable of drilling through 3-4 km of ice in 6-8 days, including setup time, b) aircraft (LC-130) transportable and sled-mounted for rapid mobilization/demobilization, c) able to drill an array of deep boreholes in a single season, d) able to produce semi-permanent uniform-diameter holes with minimal thermal disturbance, e) capable of acquiring rock cores, frozen sediment cores, and short ice cores, f) suffi- ciently modular and flexible by design that new tools can be added to satisfy future research needs. The capabilities of the CTDI would fill the void between existing deep ice-core drills and hot-water drills. It is believed the new drilling system would greatly enhance several lines of current research, as well as allow the pursuit of new scientific investigations that are not currently feasible. The CTDI could be used by the research community to help address outstanding questions concerning the Earth's climate system, the history and dynamics of ice sheets, the geology and tectonics of polar regions, and the biology within and beneath polar ice sheets. Finally, we discuss access drills for investigating conditions within Antarctic subglacial lakes.