Urban traffic and pollutant exposure related to respiratory outcomes and atopy in a large sample of children
Urban traffic and pollutant exposure related to respiratory outcomes and atopy in a large sample of children
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.03.00041103a
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
von Mutius, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nicolai, T;Carr, D;von Mutius, E
交通暴露与特应性发病之间的关系已得到证实。交通对学龄儿童哮喘和特应性患病率的影响在一个有代表性的人群中进行了调查，随机抽取了7,509名学龄儿童（n = 7,509，应答率83.7%），采用儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究第二阶段方案，进行了皮肤点刺试验，特异性免疫球蛋白E和肺功能的测量。通过交通计数和预测烟尘、苯和二氧化氮（NO2）的排放模型评估交通暴露。交通计数与当前哮喘、喘息和咳嗽相关。在接触烟草烟雾的儿童中，交通量还与皮肤点刺试验阳性相关。咳嗽与煤烟、苯和NO2有关，当前哮喘与煤烟和苯有关，当前喘息与苯和NO2有关。没有污染物与过敏性致敏有关，高交通量与哮喘、咳嗽和喘息有关，而儿童额外暴露于环境烟草烟雾中，则与过敏性致敏有关。然而，不能排除与居住在忙碌道路附近有关的社会经济因素的影响。
Conflicting results have been reported for the relationship between traffic exposure and inception of atopy. The effect of traffic on the prevalence of asthma and atopy at school age was investigated in a representative population.Random samples of schoolchildren (n = 7,509, response rate 83.7%,) were studied using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood phase-II protocol with skin-prick tests, measurements of specific immunoglobulin E and lung function. Traffic exposure was assessed via traffic counts and by an emission model which predicted soot, benzene and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).Traffic counts were associated with current asthma, wheeze and cough. In children with tobacco-smoke exposure, traffic volume was additionally associated with a positive skin-prick test. Cough was associated with soot, benzene and NO2, current asthma with soot and benzene, and current wheeze with benzene and NO2. No pollutant was associated with allergic sensitisation.High vehicle traffic was associated with asthma, cough and wheeze, and in children additionally exposed to environmental tobacco smoke, with allergic sensitisation. However, effects of socioeconomic factors associated with living close to busy roads cannot be ruled out.