Structural diversification of the gustatory organs during metamorphosis in the alpine newt Triturus alpestris
Structural diversification of the gustatory organs during metamorphosis in the alpine newt Triturus alpestris
复制标题
高山蝾螈变态过程中味觉器官的结构多样化
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00758.x
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
M. Jakubowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Żuwała;M. Jakubowski
味蕾类型的味觉器官发生在高山蝾螈幼虫口咽腔的上皮衬里。它们类似于硬骨鱼的味蕾，无论是在外观上（如扫描电子显微镜所示）还是在详细的内部结构上（如透射电子显微镜所示）。在变态期间，在发育的第55阶段，次级舌（即软舌）形成良好，并且味觉盘的原基清晰可见。稍后，味蕾也出现在舌头外面的上皮内层，与味蕾的消失平行。蝾螈发育良好的味觉盘与味蕾的区别主要在于它们结构多样化的“关联细胞”（粘液细胞，翼细胞和神经胶质细胞），这些细胞与神经纤维没有突触接触。这些细胞伴随着味觉盘的感觉神经细胞成分，即味觉受体细胞和基底细胞。这表明，味觉器官在变态蝾螈，不管他们的小尺寸，满足标准建立的味觉盘先前定义的其他有尾目和无尾目物种。因此，在蝾螈的发育过程中，有两种随后类型的味觉器官和两代舌头：初级，在幼虫中，次级，在变态动物中。
Gustatory organs of the taste bud type occur in the epithelial lining of the oropharyngeal cavity of alpine newt larvae. They resemble the taste buds of bony fish, both in appearance (as revealed by scanning electron microscopy) and in detailed internal structure (seen on transmission electron micropscopy). During metamorphosis, at stage 55 of development, the secondary tongue (i.e. the soft tongue) is well formed and the anlages of taste discs are clearly apparent. Somewhat later, taste discs also appear in the epithelial lining outside the tongue, paralleling the disappearance of the taste buds. Well‐developed taste discs of the newt differ from taste buds mainly by their structurally diversified set of ‘associate cells’ (mucous, wing and glial cells), which have no synaptic contact with nerve fibres. These cells accompany the neurosensory cellular components of the taste disc, i.e. the taste receptor cells and basal cells. This indicates that gustatory organs in metamorphosed newts, regardless of their small dimensions, fulfil the criteria established for taste discs previously defined in other Caudata and Anura species. Therefore, in the development of the newt there are two subsequent types of gustatory organs and two generations of the tongue: primary, in the larvae, and secondary, in metamorphosed animals.