Evidence-based decision-making: practical issues in the appraisal of evidence to inform policy and practice
Evidence-based decision-making: practical issues in the appraisal of evidence to inform policy and practice
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DOI：
10.1071/ah09778
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Carter, Bronwyn J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, Bronwyn J.
客观的。强调文献的系统回顾与现有最佳证据的系统回顾之间的差异；讨论证据评估中的实际问题，为公共卫生政策和实践提供信息；并为公共卫生领域循证决策的下一步发展提出建议。数据来源和选择。对文献和其他来源进行了审查，包括主题阅读清单、拉筹伯大学研究生主题《2007 年循证公共卫生实践》的推荐文本和网站以及确定的其他相关来源。数据提取和综合。摘录了相关观点，总结了有关证据定义、系统评价的有用性、批判性评估工具以及证据转化为实践的其他实际问题的争论。结论。与公共卫生政策和实践决策相关的证据可能包括来自文献的证据，包括实验和观察研究以及其他来源，包括利益相关者的政策和意见。需要进一步发展对证据进行批判性评估的技能和方法。建议包括： 将澳大利亚的能力映射到公共卫生教育；制定国家指南，为公共卫生决策的证据评估提供信息；促进基于证据的方法、与证据定义相关的讨论和辩论以及产生最佳证据的公共卫生研究方面的领导和教育。
Objective. To highlight the differences between a systematic review of the literature and a systematic review of the best available evidence; to discuss practical issues in the appraisal of evidence to inform public health policy and practice; and to make recommendations for next steps in the development of evidence-based decision making in public health.Data sources and selection. Literature and other sources were reviewed including the subject reading list, recommended texts and websites for the La Trobe University postgraduate subject Evidence Based Public Health Practice 2007 and other relevant sources identified.Data extraction and synthesis. Relevant opinions were extracted to summarise debate in relation to definitions of evidence, usefulness of systematic reviews, tools for critical appraisal and other practical issues in the translation of evidence into practice.Conclusions. Evidence relevant to decisions regarding public health policy and practice may include evidence from the literature including experimental and observational studies as well as other sources, including policies and opinions of stakeholders. Further development of skills and approaches to the critical appraisal of evidence are required. Recommendations include: mapping of Australian competencies to public health education; development of national guidelines to inform the appraisal of evidence for public health decision making; and promotion of leadership and education in evidence-based approaches, discussion and debate in relation to definitions of evidence, and public health research that generates the best possible evidence.