Diurnal variation in suicide timing by age and gender: Evidence from Japan across 41 years
Diurnal variation in suicide timing by age and gender: Evidence from Japan across 41 years
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.030
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发表时间：
2019-01-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Ueda, Michiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boo, Jeremy;Matsubayashi, Tetsuya;Ueda, Michiko
背景：以前关于自杀频率的每小时日变化的研究经常受到数据的地理和时间跨度的限制。通过对1974年至2014年日本全国死亡登记的大型数据集的分析，我们研究了自杀的日变化和日变化。方法：通过Poisson回归和目测检验，对41年间873,268例自杀死亡的日变化和日变化按性别和年龄组进行检验。我们还调查了这些模式是否与日本的经济状况有关。结果：中年男性自杀最多发生在清晨，尤其是在日本高增长时期结束后的星期一。我们还观察到年轻和中年男性自杀率的午夜高峰期。随着该国失业率的上升，年轻和中年男性清晨自杀死亡的比例上升。女性和老年男性在白天比在晚上更有可能死于自杀。限制：我们的研究调查的是死亡时间，而不是自杀未遂的时间。可能两者之间存在差异。结论：不同的亚群在一天中的不同时间和一周中的不同日子死于自杀。自杀的时间模式随着时间的推移而变化很大，这表明它们不能仅用生物昼夜节律来解释。我们的发现表明，这种模式在一定程度上可以由经济状况来解释。未来的自杀预防工作应该考虑每个亚群独特的自杀时间模式，特别是在经济增长低迷的情况下。
Background: Previous research on hourly diurnal variation in suicide frequency has often suffered from geographical and time-span limitations in the data. We studied diurnal and daily variations of suicide by analyzing a large dataset based on the national death registry in Japan between 1974 and 2014.Methods: The diurnal and daily patterns of 873,268 suicide deaths over 41 years were examined by sex and age group through Poisson regression and visual inspection. We also investigated whether these patterns are related to Japan's economic conditions.Results: Suicide by middle-aged males was most frequent in the early morning especially on Mondays after the end of Japan's high growth period. We also observed large midnight peaks in suicides among young and middle-aged males. The proportion of early morning suicide deaths by young and middle-aged males increased as the country's unemployment rose. Females and elderly males were more likely to die by suicide during the day than at night.Limitation: Our study examined time of death, not time of suicide attempt. It is possible that there is a discrepancy between the two.Conclusions: Different subpopulations die by suicide at different times of the day and days of the week. Time patterns of suicide varied considerably over time, suggesting that they cannot be explained by biological circadian rhythm alone. Our findings suggest that the patterns are partly explained by economic conditions. Future suicide prevention efforts should consider the time patterns of suicide unique to each subpopulation, especially when economic growth is depressed.