Bioaerosol deposition in single and two-bed hospital rooms: A numerical and experimental study
Bioaerosol deposition in single and two-bed hospital rooms: A numerical and experimental study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.09.011
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Camargo-Valero, M. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King, M. -F.;Noakes, C. J.;Camargo-Valero, M. A.
病原微生物的空气传播和随后的表面污染被认为是医院获得性感染的潜在传播途径。计算流体动力学(CFD)等模拟方法被越来越多地用于模拟室内空气中的颗粒行为，并将结果解释为推断感染风险。然而，这种方法在公开文献中几乎没有得到证实。本文考虑了CFD模拟能够准确预测室内环境中生物气溶胶沉积的空间分布，并探讨了不同房间布局对沉积模式的影响。在一个空气生物学测试室中测量了雾化金黄色葡萄球菌的空间沉积，该测试室有三种不同的布局：一个空房间，一个单人床和一个两个病床的医院房间。与采用拉格朗日粒子跟踪的CFD模拟结果比较表明，雷诺应力(RSM)湍流模型比大多数室内空气模拟中使用的k-epsilon RNG湍流模型得到的结果要好得多。所有布局的结果表明，小颗粒生物气溶胶在整个房间内沉积，相对表面浓度与距污染源的距离之间没有明显的相关性。然而，将患者分开的物理隔板被证明在减少邻近病区的交叉污染方面是有效的。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Aerial dispersion of pathogenic microorganisms and subsequent contamination of surfaces is well recognised as a potential transmission route for hospital acquired infection. Simulation approaches such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are increasingly used to model particle behaviour in indoor air and the results interpreted to infer infection risk. However there is little validation of such methods in the open literature. This paper considers the ability of CFD simulations to accurately predict spatial distributions of bioaerosol deposition in indoor environments and explores the influence that different room layouts have on deposition patterns. Spatial deposition of aerosolised Staphylococcus aureus was measured in an aerobiology test room arranged in three different layouts: an empty room, a single-bed and a two-bed hospital room. Comparison with CFD simulations using Lagrangian particle tracking demonstrates that a realistic prediction of spatial deposition is feasible, and that a Reynolds Stress (RSM) turbulence model yields significantly better results than the k-epsilon RNG turbulence model used in most indoor air simulations. Results for all layouts demonstrate that small particle bioaerosols are deposited throughout a room with no clear correlation between relative surface concentration and distance from the source. However, a physical partition separating patients is shown to be effective at reducing cross-contamination of neighbouring patient zones. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.