Cancer disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status
Cancer disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status
复制标题
DOI：
10.3322/canjclin.54.2.78
复制
发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Thun, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ward, E;Jemal, A;Thun, M
这篇文章重点介绍了癌症发病率、死亡率以及与种族/族裔的关系方面的差异，以及县或人口普查区域的贫困人口普查数据，这些数据来自国家癌症研究所(NCI)的流行病学和最终结果(SEER)计划的发病率和存活率数据；死亡率数据来自国家卫生统计(NCHS)；主要癌症危险因素的流行率和筛查数据来自NCHS进行的全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)。总而言之，与较富裕的县(低于贫困线以下的人口不到10%)相比，较贫穷县(那些人口超过或等于贫困线以下的人口)的居民癌症死亡率男性高13%，女性高13%。癌症存活率的差异是造成这种差异的部分原因。在男性和女性中，所有癌症的五年生存率加在一起，生活在贫困地区的人比生活在富裕人口普查地区的人低10个百分点。然而，即使考虑到人口普查区域的比率，非洲裔美国人、美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民和太平洋岛民男性以及非裔美国人和美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民妇女的五年存活率也低于非西班牙裔白人。对选定对象的更详细分析显示，不同种族和民族的癌症存活率存在很大差异。在预防(减少烟草使用、运动不足和肥胖)、检测(乳房X光检查、结直肠筛查、巴氏试验)、治疗和姑息治疗方面存在缩小差距的机会。
This article highlights disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, and relation to race/ethnicity, and census data on poverty in the county or census tract of The incidence and survival data derive from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program; mortality data are from the National Health Statistics (NCHS); data on the prevalence of major cancer risk factors and screening are from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) conducted by NCHS. cancer sites combined, residents of poorer counties (those with greater than or equal to the population below the poverty line) have 13% higher death rates from cancer in men higher rates in women compared with more affluent counties (less than 10% below the line). Differences in cancer survival account for part of this disparity. Among both men women, five-year survival for all cancers combined is 10 percentage points lower persons who live in poorer than in more affluent census tracts. Even when census tract rate is accounted for, however, African American, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and Pacific Islander men and African American and American Indian/Alaskan Native women lower five-year survival than non-Hispanic Whites. More detailed analyses of selected show large variations in cancer survival by race and ethnicity. Opportunities to reduce disparities exist in prevention (reductions in tobacco use, physical inactivity, and obesity), detection (mammography, colorectal screening, Pap tests), treatment, and palliative care.