The Ratio Of The Ratio Decidendi
The Ratio Of The Ratio Decidendi
复制标题
比率决策的比率
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-2230.1959.tb00561.x
复制
发表时间：
1959
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
J. Stone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Stone
事实上，普通律师一定很可怜，因为他们没有像赖特勋爵那样停下来问，普通法主体中的“永恒变化过程”如何“与权威原则和先例原则相协调”？在枯燥而琐碎的区别之下，在平淡而令人沮丧的矛盾之下，在突然被削弱的大胆有力的训诫之下，在一系列新的事实使腐朽的先例重新焕发生机之下，在司法谨慎与司法勇敢、羞怯与勇气的摇摆不定的交替之下，富有想象力的律师必须意识到一个永恒的谜团的要素。他面临的挑战是，凝视决策系统的核心是什么魔法，可以将一个静止的象征转变为变革的载体？他所面临的挑战是空间和时间的双重维度。在空间的维度上，英国普通法继续独立于政治主权的力量，在地球的大部分地区传播，而且，即使在我们这个时代的不确定性中，它作为全人类主要法律遗产的地位似乎也得到了保证。在时间的维度上，作为一个活生生的法律体系，这个法律主体已经接近其可追溯历史的第二个千年。即使在今天，我们大多数人仍然有一个共同的假设，即现在的普通法在某种程度上仍然与我们追溯到现代世界最初几个世纪的普通法是一体的。我们认为它是一个单一的法律体系，以某种方式与时间联系在一起。也许正是在这种假定的联系中，我们应该寻找最神秘的地方。以前，有时甚至在今天，我们倾向于理所当然地认为，这种联系全部或部分是逻辑推导的联系。某些基本原则总是存在的：为了解决新的问题，我们不得不从这些基本原则中找出已经包含的东西。为了决定当前的情况，我们必须具体应用这些基本原则；和
Poor, indeed, must be the common lawyer who has not paused to ask, with Lord Wright, how the" perpetual process of change" in the body of common law" can be reconciled with the principle of authority and the rule of stare decisis?" Beneath the dry and niggling distinctions, the flat frustrating contradictions, behind the bold dynamic precept suddenly emasculated or the mouldering precedent revivified by a new constellation of facts, behind the wavering alternations of judicial caution and judicial valour, coyness and courage, the lawyer of imaginative intelligence must be conscious of the elements of a perennial mystery. He is challenged to ask what magic at the heart of the system of stare decisis can transform a symbol of immobility into a vehicle of change? And the challenge confronts him in the dimension both of space and time. In the dimension of space the English common law continues to spread, independently of the powers of political sovereignty, over substantial parts of the globe, and, even amidst the uncertainties of our age, its place as a major legal heritage of all mankind seems assured. In the dimension of time this corpus juris already approaches its second millennium of traceable history as a living system of law.It remains a common assumption among most of us, even today, that the present common law is somehow still one with that common law whose origins we trace back into the early centuries of the modern world. We think of it as a single system of law, somehow linked into unity throughout time. And it is perhaps in this assumed link that we should look for the deepest seat of mystery. Formerly, and sometimes even today, we have tended to take for granted that the link is in whole or in part that of logical derivation. Certain fundamental principles were always there: for new problems we have had to draw out what was already implied in these fundamental principles. To decide the instant case, we have to make a specific application of these fundamental principles; and by