The Emergence of Sentence-internal Capitalisation in Early New High German
The Emergence of Sentence-internal Capitalisation in Early New High German
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早期新高地德语中句内大写的出现
DOI：
10.1017/9781108674171.004
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Renata Szczepaniak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dücker;Stefan Hartmann ;Renata Szczepaniak
资本化最近受到越来越多来自世界各地和不同语言的学者的关注，特别是由于新的分析模型和研究框架的兴起。在德语历史语言学中，大写的历时性出现引起了广泛的兴趣，因为名词的句子内部大写是德语正字法的一个显著特征，并出现在早期新高地德语（约1350-1650）。有关这一主题的相关研究揭示了词性、敬畏和活力在16世纪和17世纪作为句子内部资本化传播的驱动力的作用。一般来说，名词比其他词类更倾向于大写。与社会地位较低的人相比，那些指社会地位较高的人的词（如赫尔佐格，“公爵”）出现大写字母的可能性更大。诸如Krieg（“战争”）或Hoffnung（“希望”）等抽象概念的大写频率甚至更低。然而，之前的大多数研究（除了分析马丁·路德手写信件的克劳丁·穆林）都是在印刷文本上进行的。因此，我们所知道的德语中大写拼写的出现主要来自印刷商彻底校对和排版的文本，他们可能改变了原始手稿。因此，它们很可能是合作努力的结果。相比之下，本章提出了一个基于十六世纪和十七世纪56个手写的女巫审判协议（所谓的SiGS语料库）的语料库研究。这一时期通常被看作是……的决定性时期
Capitalisation has recently enjoyed the attention of a growing number of scholars from around the world and different languages, especially thanks to the rise of new models of analysis and frameworks of investigation. In German historical linguistics, the diachronic emergence of capitalisation has attracted widespread interest, as sentence-internal capitalisation in nouns is a distinguishing feature in German orthography and emerged in Early New High German (c. 1350–1650). 1 Relevant research on the topic has unveiled the roles of part of speech, reverence and animacy as driving forces for the spread of sentence-internal capitalisation in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 2 Generally, nouns were more prone to capitalisation than other parts of speech. Those referring to people with a high social status (such as Herzog,‘duke’) were however more likely to appear with a capital letter than words referring to a person of lower social status. Things or abstract concepts such as Krieg (‘war’) or Hoffnung (‘hope’) were capitalised even less frequently. However, most of these previous studies (with the exception of Claudine Moulin, who analyses Martin Luther’s handwritten letters) 3 have been conducted on printed texts. Thus, what we know about the emergence of uppercase spelling in German mostly comes from texts that were thoroughly proofread and typeset by printers, who might have changed the original manuscripts. 4 As such, they are most likely the result of a collaborative effort. In contrast, this chapter presents a corpus study based on fifty-six handwritten protocols of witch trials from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (the socalled SiGS corpus). 5 This time period is commonly seen as a decisive period for