High throughput ANI analysis of 90K prokaryotic genomes reveals clear species boundaries.

High throughput ANI analysis of 90K prokaryotic genomes reveals clear species boundaries.
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对90K核基因组的高通量ANI分析揭示了清晰的物种边界。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-07641-9
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发表时间:
2018-11-30
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Aluru S
Aluru S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jain C;Rodriguez-R LM;Phillippy AM;Konstantinidis KT;Aluru S

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微生物学中的一个基本问题是基因组之间是否存在遗传多样性的连续性,或者明确的物种边界。全基因组相似性指标,如平均核苷酸同一性(ANI),有助于解决这个问题,促进高分辨率的分类分析成千上万的基因组从不同的系统发育谱系。为了扩展到可用的基因组和超越,我们提出了FastANI,一种新的方法来估计ANI使用无约束近似序列映射。FastANI对于完成的和草稿的基因组都是准确的,并且与基于比对的方法相比快了三个数量级。我们利用FastANI来计算NCBI数据库中所有原核生物基因组之间的成对ANI值。我们的研究结果揭示了明显的遗传不连续性,分析的80亿个基因组对中有99.8%符合>95%的种内ANI值和<83%的种间ANI值。这种不连续性表现在有或没有最频繁测序的物种,并且对基因组数据库中的历史添加是鲁棒的。平均核苷酸同一性(ANI)是衡量两个基因组之间遗传相关性的一个可靠而有用的指标。在这里,作者开发了FastANI,这是一种使用无干扰近似序列映射计算ANI的方法,并通过分析约90,000个原核基因组显示95% ANI是划分原核物种的准确阈值。
A fundamental question in microbiology is whether there is continuum of genetic diversity among genomes, or clear species boundaries prevail instead. Whole-genome similarity metrics such as Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) help address this question by facilitating high resolution taxonomic analysis of thousands of genomes from diverse phylogenetic lineages. To scale to available genomes and beyond, we present FastANI, a new method to estimate ANI using alignment-free approximate sequence mapping. FastANI is accurate for both finished and draft genomes, and is up to three orders of magnitude faster compared to alignment-based approaches. We leverage FastANI to compute pairwise ANI values among all prokaryotic genomes available in the NCBI database. Our results reveal clear genetic discontinuity, with 99.8% of the total 8 billion genome pairs analyzed conforming to >95% intra-species and <83% inter-species ANI values. This discontinuity is manifested with or without the most frequently sequenced species, and is robust to historic additions in the genome databases. Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) is a robust and useful measure to gauge genetic relatedness between two genomes. Here, the authors develop FastANI, a method to compute ANI using alignment-free approximate sequence mapping, and show 95% ANI is an accurate threshold for demarcating prokaryotic species by analyzing about 90,000 prokaryotic genomes.
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