National Estimates of Dietary Fructose Intake Increased from 1977 to 2004 in the United States
National Estimates of Dietary Fructose Intake Increased from 1977 to 2004 in the United States
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.108.098277
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lee, Ellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marriott, Bernadette P.;Cole, Nancy;Lee, Ellen
我们的目的是进行一项新的分析，以更新和扩展先前发表的1977-1978年全国食品消费调查（NFCS）数据中果糖可得性趋势、估计果糖摄入量和膳食果糖的食物来源。我们使用爱荷华州C-SIDE软件，根据NHANES 1999-2004年的数据估计了25,165人（1岁及以上，不包括孕妇、哺乳期妇女和母乳喂养的婴儿）的果糖通常摄入量。根据早期的研究，我们将食物组特定的转换因子应用于个体糖摄入量的测量。美国的甜味剂供应从1978年开始增加，1999年达到顶峰，2005年开始下降。高果糖玉米糖浆占甜味剂的比例从1978年的16%上升到1998年的42%，然后稳定下来。自1978年以来，在所有性别和年龄组中，添加果糖和总果糖的平均每日摄入量都有所增加，而天然存在的果糖摄入量则有所减少或保持不变。总果糖摄入量占能量和碳水化合物的百分比分别增加了1%和1.2%，而每日能量和碳水化合物摄入量分别增加了18%和41%。与1978年的结果相似，非酒精饮料和谷物产品是添加果糖的主要食物来源。2004年，水果和水果制品是N -果糖的主要膳食来源；1978年，粮食产品和蔬菜是主要的食物来源。尽管比较1977-1978年NFCS和1999 - 2004年NHANES的数据显示果糖摄入量有所增加，但与每日总能量和碳水化合物摄入量的更大增长相比，这一增长显得微不足道。中国生物医学工程学报，2009,31(2):559 - 559。
Our purpose was to conduct a new analysis to update and extend previously published trends of fructose availability and estimated fructose intake and food sources of dietary fructose from the 1977-1978 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) data. We estimated fructose usual intake with data from NHANES 1999-2004 for 25,165 individuals (1 y and older, excluding pregnant and lactating women and breast-fed infants) using the Iowa State C-SIDE software. We applied food group-specific conversion factors to individual measures of sugar intakes following the earlier study. Sweetener availability in the United States increased from 1978, peaked in 1999, and declined through 2005. The high-fructose corn syrup percentage of sweeteners increased from 16% in 1978 to 42% in 1998 and then stabilized. Since 1978, mean daily intakes of added and total fructose increased in all gender and age groups, whereas naturally occurring (N) fructose intake decreased or remained constant. Total fructose intake as percentage of energy and as percentage of carbohydrate increased 1 and 1.2%, whereas daily energy and carbohydrate intakes increased 18 and 41 %, respectively. Similar to 1978 results, nonalcoholic beverages and grain products were the principal food sources of added fructose. Fruits and fruit products were the main dietary sources of N fructose in 2004; in 1978, grain products and vegetables were more predominant food sources. Although comparison of estimates of fructose intakes between data from the 1977-1978 NFCS and the NHANES 19992004 showed an increase, this increase was dwarfed by greater increases in total daily energy and carbohydrate intakes. J. Nutr. 139: 1228S-1235S, 2009.