THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDRENS STRATEGIES FOR SELECTIVE ATTENTION - EVIDENCE FOR A TRANSITIONAL PERIOD
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDRENS STRATEGIES FOR SELECTIVE ATTENTION - EVIDENCE FOR A TRANSITIONAL PERIOD
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1988.tb03678.x
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发表时间：
1988-12-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
MILLER, PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DEMARIEDREBLOW, D;MILLER, PH
以往的研究表明，产生一个选择性注意的策略和受益于它之间的发展滞后，这方面的过渡期在策略获得本研究通过比较回忆以下儿童产生（会话1）和实验者产生（会话2）的策略。114名7-9岁的儿童被要求记住位于两排门下面的6个项目（动物或家庭）。第1阶段评估了6次试验中每名儿童的自发策略（开门模式）。第二阶段包括7种不同的试验类型，在此期间，实验者打开门，从而使所有年龄段的儿童的策略相等。结果显示，儿童的能力逐渐发生变化，既产生和受益于一个选择性的战略。而年龄较小的儿童表现不同的试验类型，在此期间，只有6个相关的所有12个项目被显示，年龄较大的儿童回忆了类似数量的项目，为所有的试验类型，无论数量或模式的开门。成人产生的选择性消除了回忆的年级之间的差异，并建议，战略生产是努力为年幼的儿童，因此可能会阻止他们受益于战略。
Previous research suggests a developmental lag between producing a strategy of selective attention and benefiting from it. This aspect of the transitional period during strategy acquisition was investigated in the present study by comparing recall following child-produced (Session 1) and experimenter-produced (Session 2) strategies. The 114 7-9-year-olds were told to remember a subset of 6 items (either animals or household) located beneath 2 rows of doors. Session 1 assessed each child''s spontaneous strategy (pattern of opening doors) over 6 trials. Session 2 included 7 different trial types, during which the experimenter opened the doors, thereby equating the strategies for children of all ages. The results revealed gradual changes in children''s ability both to produce and to benefit from a selective strategy. Whereas younger children performed differently on trial types during which only the 6 relevant versus all 12 items were shown, older children recalled a similar number of items for all trial types, regardless of the number or pattern of door openings provided. Adult-produced selectively eliminated recall differences among the grades and suggested that strategy production is effortful for younger children and therefore may prevent their benefiting from the strategy.