Breastfeeding Rate, Food Supplementation, Dietary Diversity Among Children Aged 6-59 Months, and Associated Factors in Papua New Guinea.
Breastfeeding Rate, Food Supplementation, Dietary Diversity Among Children Aged 6-59 Months, and Associated Factors in Papua New Guinea.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2021.622645
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Pomat W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pham BN;Silas VD;Okely AD;Pomat W
背景：在过去的几十年里，随着社会经济的变化，巴布亚新几内亚(PNG)经历了重大的粮食转型。家庭和母亲的社会经济人口因素对5岁以下儿童饮食摄入量和多样性的影响知之甚少(CU5)。目的：本研究旨在调查6-59个月儿童的母乳喂养率、食物补充、饮食摄入量和多样性，并确定与巴新地区家庭和母亲社会经济人口学因素的关系。方法：从巴新医学研究所运营的综合健康和流行病学监测系统数据库中提取2943名儿童的数据，用于估算典型一周内的母乳喂养率、食物补充量和CU5的饮食摄入量。膳食多样性评分(DDS)被用作衡量营养充分性的替代指标。采用多因素Logistic回归分析，研究DDS与家庭和母亲的社会经济和人口因素之间的关系。结果：6~8月龄儿童母乳喂养率为85%(城市为70%，农村为90%)，该年龄段儿童辅食喂养率为50%。20%的6-23个月大的儿童目前是母乳喂养的，每天吃三次或三次以上的固体、半固体和软食物。在6-59个月大的儿童中，48%的总DDS低于平均水平(23分)。居住地、母亲的教育程度和家庭财富与被研究儿童的饮食多样性有关。城市地区儿童的总DDS水平比农村地区儿童低10%(OR：1.11[0.79-1.56]；p值：0.5)。母亲受过小学教育的儿童总体DDS水平低于母亲受过职业培训或大学教育的儿童的1.6倍(OR：1.63[0.68-3.92]；p值：0.28)。来自最贫穷家庭的儿童患DDS的可能性是来自最富裕家庭的儿童的1.2倍(OR：1.22[0.79-1.87]；p值：0.37)。讨论：已经确定了导致巴布亚新几内亚CU5儿童饮食行为的一系列因素，其中母亲的教育程度和家庭财富是儿童饮食多样性的最重要决定因素，因为它们直接影响家庭一级各种食物的可及性和可负担性。结论：需要采取循证、综合和综合的办法来改善妇女教育和家庭财富，从而有助于改善巴布亚新几内亚幼儿的食物多样性。
Background: Along the socioeconomic changes in the past decades, Papua New Guinea (PNG) has undergone significant food transition. Little is known about the influence of household and maternal socioeconomic demographic factors on dietary intake and diversity among children under 5 years of age (CU5). Objective: This study aimed to examine breastfeeding rate, food supplementation, dietary intake, and diversity among children aged 6–59 months and to identify associations with household and maternal socioeconomic demographic factors in PNG. Method: Data from 2,943 children were extracted from the Comprehensive Health and Epidemiological Surveillance System database, operated by the PNG Institute of Medical Research and used to estimate breastfeeding rate, food supplementation, and dietary intake of CU5 in a typical week. Dietary diversity score (DDS) was used as a proxy indicator to measure nutrient adequacy. Associations of DDS with household and maternal socioeconomic and demographic factors were examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Result: The breastfeeding rate among children aged 6–8 months was 85% (70% in urban and 90% in rural sectors), and 50% of children of this age group were fed with supplementary foods. Twenty percent of children aged 6–23 months were currently breastfed and received solid, semisolid, and soft foods three times or more per day. Forty-eight percent of children aged 6–59 months had a total DDS below the average level (23 scores). Place of residence, mother's education, and household wealth were associated with dietary diversity among studied children. Children in urban areas are 10% more likely to have a lower level of total DDS than those in rural areas (OR: 1.11 [0.79–1.56]; p-value: 0.5). Children whose mothers had a primary education level were 1.6-fold more likely to have a lower level of total DDS than children whose mothers had vocational training or college education (OR: 1.63 [0.68–3.92]; p-value: 0.28). Children from the poorest households were 1.2-fold more likely to have a lower DDS than those from the richest households (OR: 1.22 [0.79–1.87]; p-value: 0.37). Discussion: A range of factors has been identified, contributing to the eating behaviors among CU5 in PNG, in which mother's education and household wealth are among the most important determinants of childhood dietary diversity as they have a direct effect on accessibility to and affordability of a variety of foods at the household level. Conclusion: Evidence-based integrated and comprehensive approaches are needed to improve women education and household wealth, contributing to the improvement of food diversity among young children in PNG.
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