Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis
Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.taap.2019.114636
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发表时间：
2019-08-15
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Costa, Max
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Qiao Yi;Murphy, Anthony;Costa, Max
铬是一种天然存在于地壳中的金属元素。虽然三价铬([Cr(III)]被认为是非致癌的，但六价铬[Cr(VI)]早已被确定为IARC I类人类致癌物质，已知可诱发肺癌。目前的文献表明，铬(VI)能够通过遗传和表观遗传机制诱导癌变。虽然关于铬(VI)诱发肺癌的分子病因学已经有了很大的了解，但仍有更多的事情需要探索。特别是，铬(VI)在肺癌中诱导的显性表观遗传学改变，包括组蛋白修饰和miRNAs，仍未得到充分研究。本文通过对1973年至2019年间已有文献的全面综述，对铬(VI)致癌分子机制的最新认识进行了综述。此外，这篇综述指出了组蛋白修饰和miRNAs领域的潜在研究空白，这可能会为未来的研究提供新的利基环境。
Chromium (Cr) is a naturally occurring metallic element found in the Earth's crust. While trivalent chromium ([Cr(III)] is considered non-carcinogenic, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has long been established as an IARC class I human carcinogen, known to induce cancers of the lung. Current literature suggests that Cr(VI) is capable of inducing carcinogenesis through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Although much has been learned about the molecular etiology of Cr(VI)-induced lung carcinogenesis, more remains to be explored. In particular, the explicit epigenetic alterations induced by Cr(VI) in lung cancer including histone modifications and miRNAs, remain understudied. Through comprehensive review of available literature found between 1973 and 2019, this article provides a summary of updated understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Cr(VI)-carcinogenesis. In addition, this review identifies potential research gaps in the areas of histone modifications and miRNAs, which may prompt new niches for future research.