Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles by Ultracentrifugation
Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles by Ultracentrifugation
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-7253-1_3
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Momen-Heravi, Fatemeh
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文献类型：
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作者：
Momen-Heravi, Fatemeh
细胞外囊泡（EV）代表了一组可以从几乎所有生物流体中获得的异质囊泡。EV，包括微泡、外来体和凋亡小体，可以递送生物活性货物和信号分子。已经认识到EV在诸如癌症、感染性疾病、内分泌疾病和神经退行性疾病等疾病中的各种生理作用和病理生理作用。这些观察结果强调EV是潜在的新型生物标志物和治疗干预的靶点。使用EV进行诊断和治疗的主要限制之一是缺乏标准化的分离技术。在这里，我们描述了超离心和蔗糖梯度分离方法的协议，这是目前的金标准，是EV分离研究最多的方法。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a group of heterogeneous vesicles that can be obtained from almost all biofluids. EVs, including microvesicles, exosomes, and apoptotic bodies, can deliver bioactive cargos and signaling molecules. Various physiological roles and pathophysiological roles for EVs in diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases, endocrine diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders have been recognized. These observations highlight EVs as potential novel biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention. One of the major limitations in the use of EVs for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes is the lack of standardization of isolation techniques. Here, we describe protocols for ultracentrifugation and sucrose gradient isolation methods, which are the current gold standard, and are the most studied methods for EV isolation.