Social impact assessment: the state of the art
Social impact assessment: the state of the art
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DOI：
10.1080/14615517.2012.660356
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Vanclay, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esteves, Ana Maria;Franks, Daniel;Vanclay, Frank
社会影响评估（SIA）现在被认为是管理发展的社会问题的过程。对于什么是“好的”SIA 实践存在共识——它是参与性的；它支持受影响的人民、支持者和监管机构；它增强了对变革的理解和应对变革的能力；它力求避免和减轻负面影响并增强整个开发生命周期的积极效益；它强调改善弱势群体的生活。我们分析新航面临的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁。我们断言，SIA 社区需要重新审视核心概念，例如文化、社区、权力、人权、性别、正义、地方、复原力和可持续生计。 SIA 从业者有责任向支持者、监管者和同事宣传这些概念，并将其纳入实践规范。加强对自由、事先和知情同意（FPIC）这一新兴趋势的参与；人权影响评估；社会绩效标准；供应链管理;治理；本地内容和经济发展将提高 SIA 对所有利益相关者的相关性和可证明的价值。
Social impact assessment (SIA) is now conceived as being the process of managing the social issues of development. There is consensus on what 'good' SIA practice is - it is participatory; it supports affected peoples, proponents and regulatory agencies; it increases understanding of change and capacities to respond to change; it seeks to avoid and mitigate negative impacts and to enhance positive benefits across the life cycle of developments; and it emphasizes enhancing the lives of vulnerable and disadvantaged people. We analyse the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing SIA. We assert that the SIA community needs to revisit core concepts, such as culture, community, power, human rights, gender, justice, place, resilience and sustainable livelihoods. It is incumbent on SIA practitioners to educate proponents, regulators and colleagues about these concepts, and to embed them into practice norms. Stronger engagement with the emerging trends of free, prior and informed consent (FPIC); human rights impact assessment; social performance standards; supply chain management; governance; local content and economic development will improve the relevance and demonstrable value of SIA to all stakeholders.