No Evidence for a Fundamental Visual Motion Processing Deficit In Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders
No Evidence for a Fundamental Visual Motion Processing Deficit In Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.209
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Happe, Francesca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Catherine R. G.;Swettenham, John;Happe, Francesca
有人认为，低水平视觉处理的重复性有助于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中不寻常的认知和行为特征的表达和发展。然而，以前的调查结果好坏参半。在同类最大规模的研究（ASD n = 589;非ASD = 552;平均年龄15岁6个月）和智商范围（范围52-133）的测试中，我们调查了基本视觉处理的三项指标：运动一致性，运动形成和生物运动（BM）。在组水平上，我们没有发现两组在任何任务上存在差异的证据，这表明ASD患者至少在青春期没有基本的视觉运动处理缺陷。然而，我们发现了一个自闭症患者（样本的18%）的尾巴，与非自闭症患者组相比，他们的BM处理能力非常差，并且他们的特点是智商低。对于那些有和没有ASD的整个样本来说，BM任务的表现与第五-哈普动画的表现唯一相关，这是一个更高级别的任务，需要解释移动的，相互作用的代理人，以了解心理状态。我们假设这种关联反映了这两种任务的共同社会认知特征，它们在上级颞沟有共同的神经基础。Autism Res 2011，4：347-357. (C)2011年国际自闭症研究学会，Wiley Periodicals，Inc。
It has been suggested that atypicalities in low-level visual processing contribute to the expression and development of the unusual cognitive and behavioral profile seen in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous investigations have yielded mixed results. In the largest study of its kind (ASD n = 589; non-ASD = 552; mean age 15 years 6 months) and testing across the spectrum of IQ (range 52-133), we investigated performance on three measures of basic visual processing: motion coherence, form-from-motion and biological motion (BM). At the group level, we found no evidence of differences between the two groups on any of the tasks, suggesting that there is no fundamental visual motion processing deficit in individuals with an ASD, at least by adolescence. However, we identified a tail of individuals with ASD (18% of the sample) who had exceptionally poor BM processing abilities compared to the non-ASD group, and who were characterized by low IQ. For the entire sample of those both with and without ASD, performance on the BM task uniquely correlated with performance on the Frith-Happe animations, a higher-level task that demands the interpretation of moving, interacting agents in order to understand mental states. We hypothesize that this association reflects the shared social-cognitive characteristics of the two tasks, which have a common neural underpinning in the superior temporal sulcus. Autism Res 2011,4: 347-357. (C) 2011 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.