Gender, children, and social contact : The effects of childrearing for men and women
Gender, children, and social contact : The effects of childrearing for men and women
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性别、儿童和社会接触：育儿对男性和女性的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allison Munch;J. M. McPherson;L. Smith
作者利用大平原 10 个城镇居民的概率样本，调查了养育孩子对男性和女性社交网络的影响。数据支持这样的假设：社交网络的规模、联系量和构成随着家庭中最小孩子的年龄而变化。抚养孩子减少了女性网络的规模和接触量，同时也改变了男性网络的构成。当最小的孩子三岁左右时，影响最为明显。这些结果表明，结构位置上的性别差异（在社交网络中的嵌入程度）可以解释生命历程中结果的性别差异。这个生命阶段可能会产生针对性别的影响，因为养育孩子将男性和女性置于不同的社会世界中。因此，生育和养育子女可能是性别差异产生和维持过程中的一个关键阶段
The authors investigate the impact of childrearing on men's and women's social networks, using a probability sample of residents of 10 Great Plains towns. Data support the hypotheses that social network size, contact volume and composition vary with the age of the youngest child in a family. Childrearing reduces women's network size and contact volume, while it alters the composition of men's networks. Effects are most pronounced when the youngest child is around three years old. These results suggest the possibility that sex differences in structural location (in the sense of embeddedness in social networks) explain sex differences in outcomes over the life course. The gender-specific effects of this life stage may accrue because childrearing places men and women in separate social worlds; childbearing and childrearing thus may be a crucial phase in the process by which gender differences are created and maintained