Given-new ordering effects on the production of scrambled sentences in Japanese
Given-new ordering effects on the production of scrambled sentences in Japanese
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1026146332132
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yoshita, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferreira, VS;Yoshita, H
在许多语言中，说话者倾向于在新论点之前提到给定的（先前提到的）论点；这被称为给定新排序。我们采用了Bock和Irwin（1980）之后的程序，在日语中探索了这种给定新效应的本质。在陈述-问题序列的提示下，说话者先编码，然后回忆典型的（例如，“主妇给管家一份礼物”）或杂乱的（okusan-ga purezento-o otetsudaisan-ni okutta）修饰目标。提示语句建立了与格目标的一个非主语参数，将另一个非主语参数保留为新的。之前提到的要么是词汇相同的内容（例如，otetsudaisan或purezento），要么是词汇不同但几乎同义的内容（meidosan，“女仆”或okurimono，“礼物”）。结果表明，说话者会产生规范的或混乱的词序，以便在新论点之前提到给定论点，但特别是当先前提到给定论点的内容在词汇上相同时（复制博克和欧文的英语效应）。这些结果表明，日语混乱语序和规范语序的产生对给定状态和新状态（如英语）很敏感，这意味着在句子产生阶段出现了混乱效应。
Across many languages, speakers tend to produce sentences so that given (previously referred to) arguments are mentioned before new arguments; this is termed given-new ordering. We explored the nature of such given-new effects in Japanese using a procedure following Bock and Irwin (1980). Speakers encoded and then recalled canonical (e.g., okusan-ga otetsudaisan-ni purezento-o okutta, "the housewife gave the housekeeper a present") or scrambled (okusan-ga purezento-o otetsudaisan-ni okutta) dative targets when prompted by a statement-question sequence. The prompting statement established one nonsubject argument of the dative target as given, leaving the other nonsubject argument as new. Previous mention was either with lexically identical content (e.g., otetsudaisan or purezento) or with lexically distinct but nearly synonymous content (meidosan, "housemaid" or okurimono, "gift"). Results showed that speakers produced canonical or scrambled word orders so that given arguments were mentioned before new, but especially when the previous mention of the given argument occurred with lexically identical content (replicating Bock and Irwin's English effect). These results show that the production of Japanese scrambled and canonical word orders is sensitive to given versus new status (as in English), implying that given-new ordering arises at the stage of sentence production where scrambling effects are realized.