Negotiating relevance: belief, knowledge, and practice in international health projects.
Negotiating relevance: belief, knowledge, and practice in international health projects.
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DOI：
10.1525/maq.1997.11.2.131
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发表时间：
1997-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
P. S. Yoder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. S. Yoder
他的《医学人类学季刊》特刊旨在激发讨论医学人类学家如何最好地解决发展中国家健康、疾病和疾病研究中知识与实践之间的关系。由于公共卫生和传播专家经常假设信念和知识的变化先于行为的变化，这个问题对所有参与初级卫生保健干预的人来说都是至关重要的。在这种情况下工作的人类学家面临的挑战是与公共卫生的同事进行谈判，哪些信息被认为与正在研究的健康问题有关。本书讨论了几种我们可能会使自己与同事协商相关性的努力复杂化的方式，其中包括：未能提供一个有说服力的行为改变模型来取代社会心理学的模型;以将理论视为不重要的方式接近研究方法;以不加批判的方式充当“当地知识的专家”。在将这些问题置于人类学参与初级卫生保健的背景下，并指出可以指导替代方法的原则后，我介绍了这期特刊中的文章。我本人对这些问题的兴趣主要来自于研究、实地考察和撰写评估报告，这是我作为一个团队的成员在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的十几个地点完成的，该团队负责评估由教育发展学院（AED）管理的健康传播项目（HealthCom）。这些项目由美国国际开发署的资金资助，利用大众媒体和人际传播，促进使用口服补液法预防腹泻引起的脱水，提高疫苗接种率，提高母乳喂养率，或改善抗疟药物的使用。健康模式
his special issue of Medical Anthropology Quarterly was initiated to stimulate discussion of how medical anthropologists can best address the relationship between knowledge and practice in research related to health, disease, and illness in developing countries. Since public health and communication specialists often assume that changes in belief and knowledge precede behavioral changes, the issue is critical for all those who participate in primary health care interventions. Anthropologists working in such contexts face the challenge of negotiating with public health colleagues what information is considered as relevant to the health problems being studied. This volume discusses several ways that we may complicate our own efforts to negotiate relevance with our colleagues, which include the following: failing to provide a persuasive model of behavior change to replace the one drawn from social psychology; approaching research methodology in ways that regard theory as unimportant; and serving as "experts in local knowledge" in an uncritical fashion. After placing these issues within the context of anthropological involvements with primary health care, and pointing to principles that can guide alternative approaches, I introduce the articles in this special issue. My own interest in these questions stems mainly from research, fieldwork, and writing of evaluation reports completed during my seven years as a member of a team responsible for the evaluation of the health communication projects (HealthCom) administered by the Academy for Educational Development (AED) in a dozen sites in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Financed by United States Agency for International Development funds, these projects used mass media and interpersonal communication to promote the use of oral rehydration for preventing dehydration from diarrhea, to improve vaccination coverage rates, to increase rates of breast-feeding, or to improve the use of antimalarial drugs. The model of health