Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research
Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research
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虚拟峰会：将数据科学和开放科学纳入水生研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jacob Aaron Zwart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael F. Meyer;Jacob Aaron Zwart
背景和概述 我们都可能同意，2020 年对于个人生活和职业生活来说都是变革的一年。虽然人们很容易沉迷于负面因素，但这一年已经成熟，充满了拥抱新形式的共享科学的创造性和创业机会。特别是，虚拟会议和峰会为全球的研究人员、学生和好奇的个人提供了一个可以进行公开讨论的空间。在此过程中，在线会议的日益普及和普及不仅使科学界能够在无法进行面对面会议的时代进行联系，而且还克服了长期存在的参与障碍，例如旅行和注册费。考虑到这些需求和机遇，一群基层科学家于 2020 年 7 月 23 日至 24 日召开了首届“虚拟峰会：将数据科学和开放科学纳入水生研究”。对于那些可能好奇但不太熟悉的人来说，数据科学结合了数学和统计学、计算机科学和领域专业知识，能够洞察那些计算要求过高或数据密集而无法使用传统工具进行分析的问题（Hayashi 1998）。开放科学是一种创造工具，使科学设计、分析和报告透明化的实践，以便未来的研究人员——以及一般好奇的个人——可以访问和复制他人的工作（Bardling and Friesike 2014）。数据科学和开放科学技术共同使水生研究人员能够解决复杂的水生问题，同时提高研究人员和利益相关者之间的科学透明度和效率。通过汇集实践数据科学和开放科学技术的演讲者，这次虚拟峰会旨在展示湖泊学家和海洋学家如何使用大数据，扩展建模框架，为更大的社区开发工具和软件，并为自然资源管理和监测提供信息。虚拟峰会有 18 场预先录制的演示，分为连续几天的两场为期 3 小时的会议。演讲结束后还立即进行了现场问答环节。演讲分为四个主题：（1）大数据，（2）数据密集型模型，（3）工具和软件，以及（4）开放科学的应用。虽然许多演讲都包含多个主题，但我们对演讲进行了广泛的分组，使得虚拟峰会的第一天主要涉及“数据科学”，第二天则围绕“开放科学”主题（图 1）。在 7 月 24 日的演讲之后，与峰会四个主题平行的分组讨论让参与者和演讲者能够在更随意的环境中讨论某些数据科学和开放科学主题。
BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW We can all likely agree that 2020 is a year of change, both in personal as well as professional lives. While it is easy to dwell on the negatives, the year has been ripe with creative and entrepreneurial opportunities to embrace new forms of sharing science. In particular, virtual conferences and summits have opened a space where researchers, students, and curious individuals across the globe can engage in open discourse. In doing so, the increasing availability and popularity of online conferences have enabled scientific communities not only to connect in a time when in-person meetings are not possible, but also to overcome barriers to participation that have long existed, such as travel and registration fees. With these needs and opportunities in mind, a grassroots group of scientists convened for the first “Virtual Summit: Incorporating Data Science and Open Science in Aquatic Research” from 23 through 24 July 2020. For those who may be curious but less familiar, data science combines mathematics and statistics, computer science, and domain expertise to enable insight for problems that are otherwise too computationally demanding or data-intensive to be analyzed with traditional tools (Hayashi 1998). Open science is the practice of making tools that enable transparency into scientific design, analysis, and reporting, such that future researchers—and curious individuals in general—can access and reproduce others’ work (Bartling and Friesike 2014). Together, data science and open science techniques allow aquatic researchers to tackle complex aquatic problems while increasing scientific transparency and efficiency between researchers and stakeholders. By bringing together speakers who practice data science and open science techniques, this virtual summit was intended to showcase how limnologists and oceanographers work with big data, expand modeling frameworks, develop tools and software for the larger community, and inform natural resource management and monitoring. The virtual summit featured 18 prerecorded presentations split across two, 3-h sessions on successive days. There were also live question and answer sessions immediately following the presentations. The talks were divided into four main themes: (1) Big Data, (2) Data-Intensive Models, (3) Tools and Software, and (4) Applications of Open Science. While many of the presentations incorporated multiple themes, we broadly grouped talks such that the first day of the virtual summit pertained mostly to “Data Science,” and the second day centered around “Open Science” topics (Fig. 1). Following presentations on July 24, breakout groups paralleling the summit’s four themes allowed for participants and presenters to discuss certain data science and open science topics in a more casual setting.