Conservation genomics from a practitioner lens: Evaluating the research-implementation gap in a managed freshwater fishery
Conservation genomics from a practitioner lens: Evaluating the research-implementation gap in a managed freshwater fishery
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从实践者角度看保护基因组学：评估淡水渔业管理中的研究与实施差距
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108350
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
N. Young
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kadykalo;S. Cooke;N. Young
鱼类和野生动物管理人员面临着艰巨的任务，即在面临相互冲突的目标和快速的环境变化时做出明智的决策。保护基因组学-使用新的基因组技术和全基因组信息来解决生物保护问题-是一个新兴的科学领域，在提供实用知识以告知保护和管理的决策，政策和实践方面有很大的希望。然而，迄今为止，基因组学对保护和管理的影响相当有限，被称为“保护基因组学差距”。我们开始通过分析潜在知识使用者（保护从业者）如何看待和评估基因组学，以加拿大管理的虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）渔业为例，确定支持或限制保护基因组学在保护实践中使用的感知益处和现有障碍。不列颠哥伦比亚省。我们采访了33名政府雇员和32名参与渔业管理的非政府利益相关者团体的代表。我们发现，很少有知识使用者熟悉基因组学或了解遗传学和基因组学之间的区别。尽管对基因组学的熟悉程度较低，但受访者普遍认为保护基因组学是一种可靠且有前途的工具，可以为他们提供新的知识，帮助他们改善管理或做出更好的决策。然而，基因组学在应用背景下可能提供的确切好处或结果可能受到政治，沟通，专业知识，解释，成本，竞争性保护实践和时间的限制。我们的研究表明，基因组学在应用保护和管理方面具有相当大的潜力，研究人员和从业人员之间实现了更清晰的沟通。我们建议基因组研究人员和资助机构在项目开始时确定广泛的从业者，并在项目开始时将知识和共享界面集中在从业者目标上，并提高从业者的知识和熟悉度。
Fish and wildlife managers are faced with the daunting task of making informed and sensible decisions in the face of conflicting objectives and rapid environmental change. Conservation genomics – the use of new genomic techniques and genome-wide information to solve biological conservation problems – is an emerging scientific field that holds much promise in delivering practical knowledge to inform decisions, policies, and practices for conservation and management. However, the impact of genomics on conservation and management has been rather limited to date, described as the “conservation genomics gap”. We set out to identify perceived benefits and existing barriers supporting or limiting the use of conservation genomics in conservation practice by analyzing how potential knowledge users (conservation practitioners) perceive and evaluate genomics using the case of managed Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Canadian province of British Columbia. We interviewed 33 government employees and 32 representatives from nongovernmental stakeholder groups involved in fisheries management. We found that very few knowledge users were familiar with genomics or understood the difference between genetics and genomics. Despite low genomics familiarity, respondents generally view conservation genomics favorably, as a reliable and promising tool that could provide them with novel knowledge that would help them improve management or make better decisions. However, the exact benefits or outcomes genomics could provide in applied contexts are potentially limited by politics, communication, expertise, interpretation, cost, competing conservation practices, and time. Our research suggests that genomics has considerable potential in applied conservation and managementifclearer communication between researchers and practitioners is achieved. We recommend genomic researchers and funding agencies identify wide-ranging practitioners and instate knowledge and sharing interfaces at project outset focused on practitioner objectives and improving practitioner knowledge and familiarity.