A Spar Buoy for High-Frequency Wave Measurements and Detection of Wave Breaking in the Open Ocean
A Spar Buoy for High-Frequency Wave Measurements and Detection of Wave Breaking in the Open Ocean
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DOI：
10.1175/2010jtecho764.1
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Leighton, Timothy G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pascal, Robin W.;Yelland, Margaret J.;Leighton, Timothy G.
波浪和波浪破碎在海气动量交换、海面喷雾气溶胶和二氧化碳等痕量气体中起着重要作用，但在开阔海域(远离海岸)获得的波浪破碎直接测量资料很少。本文描述了为获得这种公海测量而设计的自主SPAR浮标的开发和在两个研究巡航上的初步部署。浮标配备了电容波线和加速度计来测量海面高度和波浪破碎，向下俯视的静止和视频数码相机来获取海面图像，以及水下声学和光学传感器来探测破浪中的气泡云。浮标是自由漂流的，被设计为在恢复之前一次自主收集数据几天。因此，在部署浮标的两次航行中，这使得可以在平均风速范围内对各种海况进行采样，范围从5米到18米S(-1)。
Waves and wave breaking play a significant role in the air sea exchanges of momentum, sea spray aerosols, and trace gases such as CO2, but few direct measurements of wave breaking have been obtained in the open ocean (far from the coast). This paper describes the development and initial deployments on two research cruises of an autonomous spar buoy that was designed to obtain such open-ocean measurements. The buoy was equipped with capacitance wave wires and accelerometers to measure surface elevation and wave breaking, downward-looking still and video digital cameras to obtain images of the sea surface, and subsurface acoustic and optical sensors to detect bubble clouds from breaking waves. The buoy was free drifting and was designed to collect data autonomously for days at a time before being recovered. Therefore, on the two cruises during which the buoy was deployed, this allowed a variety of sea states to be sampled in mean wind speeds, which ranged from 5 to 18 m s(-1).