Loss and gain of the juvenile rudiment and metamorphic competence during starvation and feeding of bryozoan larvae.
Loss and gain of the juvenile rudiment and metamorphic competence during starvation and feeding of bryozoan larvae.
复制标题
苔藓虫幼虫饥饿和摄食期间幼体发育和变态能力的损失和获得。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1525-142x.2008.00287.x
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hysert,AlanaN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strathmann,RichardR;FoleyJr,GerardP;Hysert,AlanaN
在许多动物中，幼虫结构和幼年雏形是独立发育的。这种独立性的一个优点是，幼年雏形可以作为营养储备或能量保存而消耗。当苔藓虫cyphonautes幼虫饥饿时，定居和变态所需的结构就会缩小。当幼虫再次被喂食时，这些结构又长出来了。饥饿减少了大小的内部囊，幼虫后期的少年结构的雏形，和梨形器官，其功能在传感和爬行的底层在解决。与此相反，饥饿既不影响幼虫壳的大小，也不影响用于游泳和进食的纤毛带的长度。饥饿的幼虫，减少梨状器官和内部囊没有变质反应的刺激laminerian的。当幼虫重新生长这些结构时，laminerian幼虫在重新喂养后确实刺激了同一幼虫的变态。因此，饥饿的幼虫在食物缺乏时会消耗身体的部分来定居和变态，同时保留进食、游泳和防御的结构。因此，饥饿的幼虫在再次遇到食物时，仍能重新生长出定居和变态所需的结构。从消耗性的少年雏形的优势，可能会提高他们的发育不同的幼虫游泳和喂养的结构选择。
In many animals, larval structures and juvenile rudiments develop independently. One advantage of this independence is that juvenile rudiments can be expended as a nutrient reserve or for energy conservation. When bryozoan cyphonautes larvae were starved, structures required for settlement and metamorphosis shrank. When the larvae were again fed, these structures grew back. Starvation reduced the size of both the internal sac, a rudiment of postlarval juvenile structures, and the pyriform organ, which functions in sensing and crawling on the substratum at settlement. In contrast, starvation affected neither the size of the larval shell nor the lengths of the ciliary bands used in swimming and feeding. Starved larvae that had reduced the pyriform organ and internal sac did not metamorphose in response to stimuli from a laminarian alga. The laminarian alga did stimulate metamorphosis of the same larvae after renewed feeding, when the larvae had regrown these structures. Thus starved larvae expended body parts needed for settlement and metamorphosis when food was scarce while retaining structures for feeding, swimming, and defense. Starved larvae thereby retained the capacity to regrow structures needed for settlement and metamorphosis when they again encountered food. Advantages from expendable juvenile rudiments may enhance selection for their being developmentally distinct from structures for larval swimming and feeding.