Seasonal variation in Arctic marine mammal acoustic detection in the northern Bering Sea
Seasonal variation in Arctic marine mammal acoustic detection in the northern Bering Sea
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DOI：
10.1111/mms.12658
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发表时间：
2019-12-24
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Rosenbaum, Howard C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chou, Emily;Antunes, Ricardo;Rosenbaum, Howard C.
北极海冰覆盖的减少正在影响受保护的特有海洋哺乳动物的分布，其中许多对当地土著人民很重要，并增加了可能具有破坏性的工业活动。由于越来越多的保护问题，我们进行了第一次全年的声学监测的沃茨关闭甘贝尔和Savoonga（圣劳伦斯岛，阿拉斯加州），并在白令海峡，以量化发声存在的弓头鲸，白鲸，海象，胡子海豹，和带状海豹。在2012年至2016年期间，每次部署，底部安装的存档声学记录仪收集了长达10个月的数据。光谱图进行了分析，物种典型的发声，每天的检测率和存在/不存在进行了计算。广义加性模型被用来模拟呼叫存在作为一年中的时间，海面温度和海冰浓度的函数。我们确定了所有物种的呼叫存在的季节性，证实了以前的声学和分布研究，并确定了更细尺度的时空分布，通过不同的监测站点之间的呼叫存在的发生。一年中的时间是最强的显着影响所有物种的呼叫存在。这些数据提供了关于北极特有物种在迅速变化的北极区域内重要的生物和文化地区的时空分布的重要信息。
Declines in Arctic sea ice cover are influencing the distribution of protected endemic marine mammals, many of which are important for local Indigenous Peoples, and increasing the presence of potentially disruptive industrial activities. Due to increasing conservation concerns, we conducted the first year-round acoustic monitoring of waters off Gambell and Savoonga (St. Lawrence Island, Alaska), and in the Bering Strait to quantify vocalizing presence of bowhead whales, belugas, walruses, bearded seals, and ribbon seals. Bottom-mounted archival acoustic recorders collected data for up to 10 months per deployment between 2012 and 2016. Spectrograms were analyzed for species-typical vocalizations, and daily detection rates and presence/absence were calculated. Generalized additive models were used to model call presence as a function of time-of-year, sea surface temperature, and sea ice concentration. We identified seasonality in call presence for all species, corroborating previous acoustic and distribution studies, and identified finer-scale spatiotemporal distribution via occurrence of call presence between different monitoring sites. Time-of-year was the strongest significant effect on call presence for all species. These data provide important information on Arctic endemic species' spatiotemporal distributions in biologically and culturally important areas within a rapidly changing Arctic region.