Characterization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Isolate US/Iowa/18984/2013 Infection in 1-Day-Old Cesarean-Derived Colostrum-Deprived Piglets
Characterization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Isolate US/Iowa/18984/2013 Infection in 1-Day-Old Cesarean-Derived Colostrum-Deprived Piglets
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DOI：
10.1177/0300985815591080
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yoon, K. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Madson, D. M.;Arruda, P. H. E.;Yoon, K. J.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）于2013年4月首次在北美被发现，此后引起了毁灭性的疾病。本研究的目的是表征与接种在新生仔猪中的原始北美PEDV分离株相关的疾病和病毒检测。将36只1日龄的剖腹产和初乳剥夺仔猪随机分配至对照组（n = 16）或攻击组（n = 20）;后者用1 ml US/爱荷华州/18984/2013 PEDV分离株经口胃接种，滴度为1 × 10（3）噬斑形成单位/ml。在接种前和接种后每12小时（hpi）采集所有仔猪的直肠拭子，在12、24、48和72 hpi处死4只对照仔猪和5只攻毒仔猪。在12 hpi时，1头仔猪的直肠拭子实时定量聚合酶链反应试验呈阳性，此后所有剩余仔猪均呈阳性，在24和36 hpi时检出最高病毒量。在18和24 hpi时，分别有30%和100%的攻毒仔猪出现腹泻。通过免疫组织化学在12 hpi处以安乐死的仔猪的十二指肠和回肠中的肠细胞中检测到病毒抗原，并且此后在所有仔猪的整个小肠中均明显，绒毛高度：隐窝深度比始终低于4：1。在安乐死时，20头猪中有18头证实了病毒血症。临床疾病是严重的，并且在用原始北美PEDV分离株感染后迅速发展，在12 hpi时可能具有病变、病毒血症和抗原检测。
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was first recognized in North America in April 2013 and has since caused devastating disease. The objective of this study was to characterize disease and viral detection associated with an original North American PEDV isolate inoculated in neonatal piglets. Thirty-six 1-day-old cesarean-derived and colostrum-deprived piglets were randomly assigned to the control (n = 16) or challenged group (n = 20); the latter were orogastrically inoculated with 1 ml of US/Iowa/18984/2013 PEDV isolate titered at 1 x 10(3) plaque-forming units per milliliter. Rectal swabs were collected from all piglets prior to inoculation and every 12 hours postinoculation (hpi) thereafter, with 4 control and 5 challenged piglets euthanized at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hpi. One piglet had a positive real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction test on rectal swab at 12 hpi, and all remaining piglets were positive thereafter, with highest viral quantities detected at 24 and 36 hpi. Diarrhea was evident in 30% and 100% of challenged piglets at 18 and 24 hpi, respectively. Viral antigen was detected in enterocytes by immunohistochemistry in the duodenum and ileum of piglets euthanized at 12 hpi and was apparent throughout the small intestine of all piglets thereafter, with villus height: crypt depth ratios consistently below 4:1. Viremia was confirmed in 18 of 20 pigs at euthanasia. Clinical disease was severe and developed rapidly following infection with an original North American PEDV isolate, with lesions, viremia, and antigen detection possible by 12 hpi.