Social and behavioral skills and the gender gap in early educational achievement
Social and behavioral skills and the gender gap in early educational achievement
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.09.001
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Jennings, Jennifer L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DiPrete, Thomas A.;Jennings, Jennifer L.
虽然许多研究表明，社会和行为技能在性别分层过程中发挥着核心作用，但我们对这些技能在多大程度上影响学业成绩的性别差距知之甚少。从早期儿童纵向研究幼儿园队列的数据分析，我们表明，社会和行为技能从幼儿园到五年级的学业成绩有实质性的重要影响。此外，在获得这些技能方面的性别差异在很大程度上解释了小学早期学业成绩方面的性别差距。男孩在社交和行为技能方面的学业回报与同龄的女孩大致相同，但女孩开始上学时具有更先进的社交和行为技能，随着时间的推移，她们的技能优势会越来越大。虽然部分效果可能反映了一个评价过程，奖励学生谁更好地符合学校规范，我们的研究结果表明，社会和行为技能的收购，以及提高学习。我们的研究结果要求重新考虑家庭和学校层面的过程，这些过程在社会和行为技能方面产生了性别差距，并为学术和以后的成功带来了优势。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Though many studies have suggested that social and behavioral skills play a central role in gender stratification processes, we know little about the extent to which these skills affect gender gaps in academic achievement. Analyzing data from the Early Child Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort, we demonstrate that social and behavioral skills have substantively important effects on academic outcomes from kindergarten through fifth grade. Gender differences in the acquisition of these skills, moreover, explain a considerable fraction of the gender gap in academic outcomes during early elementary school. Boys get roughly the same academic return to social and behavioral skills as their female peers, but girls begin school with more advanced social and behavioral skills and their skill advantage grows over time. While part of the effect may reflect an evaluation process that rewards students who better conform to school norms, our results imply that the acquisition of social and behavioral skills enhances learning as well. Our results call for a reconsideration of the family and school-level processes that produce gender gaps in social and behavioral skills and the advantages they confer for academic and later success. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.