Facilitation of Problem Finding Among First Year Medical School Students Undergoing Problem-Based Learning
Facilitation of Problem Finding Among First Year Medical School Students Undergoing Problem-Based Learning
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DOI：
10.1207/s15328015tlm1702_7
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发表时间：
2005-04
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Toshimasa Yoshioka;Taiyo Suganuma;Ann C Tang;Susumu Matsushita;Sumie Manno;T. Kozu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Toshimasa Yoshioka;Taiyo Suganuma;Ann C Tang;Susumu Matsushita;Sumie Manno;T. Kozu
背景：适应以问题为基础的学习(PBL)对于不习惯自我指导学习的高中毕业生来说是一个艰难的过程，尤其是在医学院一年级。困难包括从给定的案例中找到问题。目的：评估在接受PBL辅导的医学院新生中促进基于病例的问题发现的干预措施的效果。方法：以2000级(非干预组)和2001级(干预组)医学院校新生为研究对象。干预组通过(A)听取关于发现问题的重要性的简报，(B)由导师鼓励发现问题，以及(C)使用自我评估表进行强化，从而获得修改后的基于问题的计划。在一年结束时，评估学生从一个短小的案例中提取问题的能力，并与未干预的学生进行比较。结果：干预组提取的问题数量明显多于非干预组。当提取的问题被分类时，干预组能够在更多的指定类别中产生更多的问题。结论：促进问题发现的干预措施显著促进了年轻医学生问题提取技能的获得。
Background: Adaptation to problem-based learning (PBL) is a difficult process for high school graduates who are not used to self-directed learning, especially in the freshmen year of medical school. The difficulty includes finding problems from a given case. Purpose: Evaluate the effect of an intervention to facilitate case-based problem finding among medical school freshmen undergoing a PBL tutorial. Methods: Medical school freshmen in 2000 (nonintervened group) and 2001 (intervened group) participated in the study. The intervened group received the modified problem-based program by (a) having briefings on the importance of problem finding, (b) encouragement by the tutors in problem finding, and (c) reinforcement using a self-assessment sheet. At the end of the year, the ability of students to extract problems from a short case was evaluated and compared with the nonintervened students. Results: The intervened group extracted a significantly greater number of problems than the nonintervened group. When extracted problems were categorized, the intervened group was able to generate more questions in a greater number of specified categories. Conclusions: Interventions to foster problem finding significantly facilitated acquisition of problem extraction skills among young medical students.