Poverty and suicide research in low- and middle-income countries: systematic mapping of literature published in English and a proposed research agenda.
Poverty and suicide research in low- and middle-income countries: systematic mapping of literature published in English and a proposed research agenda.
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DOI：
10.1017/gmh.2016.27
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lund C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bantjes J;Iemmi V;Coast E;Channer K;Leone T;McDaid D;Palfreyman A;Stephens B;Lund C
大约75%的自杀发生在贫困率高的低收入和中等收入国家。有证据表明，经济变量与自杀行为之间存在关系。为了在中低收入国家规划有效的自杀预防干预措施，我们需要了解贫困和自杀行为之间的关系，以及环境因素如何调节这种关系。我们对中低收入国家的贫困和自杀行为的英语文献进行了系统的绘制，概述了关于这一主题的已知内容，突出了文献中的空白，并考虑了当前知识对研究和政策的影响。使用自杀意念和行为、贫困和中低收入国家等关键词组合对11个数据库进行检索，以确定2004年1月至2014年4月期间发表的英文文章。对符合纳入标准的84项研究进行叙事分析。该领域的英语研究大多来自南亚、中东、东非和北非，撒哈拉以南非洲国家的研究相对较少。大多数现有证据来自中高收入国家；只有6%的研究来自低收入国家。大多数研究集中在诸如失业和经济地位之类的贫困措施上，而忽略了诸如债务、相对和绝对贫困以及福利制度的支持等方面。大多数研究都是在风险因素范式内进行的，并采用描述性统计，因此对这种关系的性质提供的见解很少。这一领域需要更有力的证据，以理论为导向的研究应侧重于更广泛的贫困层面，并采用更复杂的统计方法。
Approximately 75% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where rates of poverty are high. Evidence suggests a relationship between economic variables and suicidal behaviour. To plan effective suicide prevention interventions in LMICs we need to understand the relationship between poverty and suicidal behaviour and how contextual factors may mediate this relationship. We conducted a systematic mapping of the English literature on poverty and suicidal behaviour in LMICs, to provide an overview of what is known about this topic, highlight gaps in literature, and consider the implications of current knowledge for research and policy. Eleven databases were searched using a combination of key words for suicidal ideation and behaviours, poverty and LMICs to identify articles published in English between January 2004 and April 2014. Narrative analysis was performed for the 84 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Most English studies in this area come from South Asia and Middle, East and North Africa, with a relative dearth of studies from countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most of the available evidence comes from upper middle-income countries; only 6% of studies come from low-income countries. Most studies focused on poverty measures such as unemployment and economic status, while neglecting dimensions such as debt, relative and absolute poverty, and support from welfare systems. Most studies are conducted within a risk-factor paradigm and employ descriptive statistics thus providing little insight into the nature of the relationship. More robust evidence is needed in this area, with theory-driven studies focussing on a wider range of poverty dimensions, and employing more sophisticated statistical methods.