Transmission-recovery trade-offs to study parasite evolution
Transmission-recovery trade-offs to study parasite evolution
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DOI：
10.1086/589892
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Alizon, Samuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alizon, Samuel
寄生虫的进化主要是通过涉及宿主死亡（即毒性）和传播的权衡来研究的。除了缺乏证据之外，这种权衡在很大程度上无法理解亚致死寄生虫效应的进化。本文认为，将寄主恢复作为寄生虫面临的主要选择压力，有助于解决这些问题，并为寄生虫进化研究开辟新的视角。使用嵌入式模型，我展示了如果假设免疫激活取决于寄生虫的整体生长速度，那么传播和恢复之间的权衡可能会从宿主动力学中出现。我还表明，寄生虫的最佳生长速率的值在很大程度上取决于宿主的免疫状态。传播与恢复的权衡对人类病原体进化的研究具有特别的意义，因为使用了抗病原体治疗，这加强了恢复限制。
Parasite evolution is mainly studied through a trade-off involving host death (i.e., virulence) and transmission. In addition to the lack of evidence, this trade-off largely fails to understand the evolution of sublethal parasite effects. Here, I argue that considering host recovery as a main selection pressure faced by the parasite helps to address these problems and opens new perspectives for the study of parasite evolution. Using an embedded model, I show how a trade-off between transmission and recovery may emerge from within-host dynamics if immune activation is assumed to depend on the parasite's overall growth rate. I also show that the value of the parasite's optimal growth rate strongly depends on the immunological state of the host. Transmission-recovery trade-offs are of particular interest to the study of the evolution of human pathogens because of the use of antipathogen treatments, which strengthens the recovery constraint.