Tracking human activity and well-being in natural environments using wearable sensors and experience sampling
Tracking human activity and well-being in natural environments using wearable sensors and experience sampling
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.01.048
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Canally, Culum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doherty, Sean T.;Lemieux, Christopher J.;Canally, Culum
越来越多的研究已经开始记录与大自然接触有关的健康和福祉益处。大多数研究依赖于参与自然环境后的广义自我报告。在与自然接触过程中的实际现场体验，以及唤起健康益处的环境特征和因素仍然相对未被探索。智能手机提供了一个新的机会，可以在日常生活中使用体验采样方法（ESM）等技术来监测和与人类受试者互动，这些技术涉及在现场重复自我报告体验。此外，智能手机中的嵌入式传感器，如全球定位系统（GPS）和加速度计，可以准确地追踪人类活动。本文探讨了如何将这些技术结合起来，全面探索与自然接触的感知健康和福祉影响。定制软件开发被动跟踪GPS和加速度计数据，并主动提示受试者在访问加拿大安大略省的一个省立公园期间定期完成ESM调查。ESM调查包括九个关于情绪和情绪的问题，然后是一系列开放式的体验问题，受试者提供录音回答。试验结果用于说明所获得数据的性质、数量和质量。从GPS地图上可以清楚地看到参与者的活动，尤其是步行、骑自行车和安静的活动。从ESM调查中，参与者平均每个问题报告25个单词，平均花费15秒来记录它们。进一步的定性分析表明，参与者愿意就他们的经历和感知到的健康影响提供相当多的见解。被动和互动技术的结合肯定会使这种类型的大型研究在未来更便宜，负担更少，进一步增强理解与自然接触如何提高健康和福祉的能力。(C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
A growing range of studies have begun to document the health and well-being benefits associated with contact with nature. Most studies rely on generalized self-reports following engagement in the natural environment. The actual in-situ experience during contact with nature, and the environmental features and factors that evoke health benefits have remained relatively unexplored. Smartphones offer a new opportunity to monitor and interact with human subjects during everyday life using techniques such as Experience Sampling Methods (ESM) that involve repeated self-reports of experiences as they occur in-situ. Additionally, embedded sensors in smartphones such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and accelerometers can accurately trace human activities. This paper explores how these techniques can be combined to comprehensively explore the perceived health and well-being impacts of contact with nature. Custom software was developed to passively track GPS and accelerometer data, and actively prompt subjects to complete an ESM survey at regular intervals throughout their visit to a provincial park in Ontario, Canada. The ESM survey includes nine scale questions concerning moods and emotions, followed by a series of open-ended experiential questions that subjects provide recorded audio responses to. Pilot test results are used to illustrate the nature, quantity and quality of data obtained. Participant activities were clearly evident from GPS maps, including especially walking, cycling and sedate activities. From the ESM surveys, participants reported an average of 25 words per question, taking an average of 15 s to record them. Further qualitative analysis revealed that participants were willing to provide considerable insights into their experiences and perceived health impacts. The combination of passive and interactive techniques is sure to make larger studies of this type more affordable and less burdensome in the future, further enhancing the ability to understand how contact with nature enhances health and well-being. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.