Suspended particulate matter and its relations to the urban climate in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Suspended particulate matter and its relations to the urban climate in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.021
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Lindgren, ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jonsson, P;Bennet, C;Lindgren, ES
在坦桑尼亚最大的沿海城市达累斯萨拉姆，调查了颗粒物的来源和水平与气候参数(城市热岛强度、风速、温度和相对湿度)之间的关系。测量是在2001年的雨季和旱季在城市和农村进行的。用五种元素代表不同的来源：细颗粒物(生物量)中的K、细颗粒物中的锌(工业)、粗颗粒物中的氯(海雾)、粗颗粒物中的钛(土壤)和细颗粒物中的铅(交通)。在雨季和旱季，这些元素在城市和农村的浓度差异很大，其中城市在旱季的浓度最高。昼夜差异也很明显，尽管不是那么直接。为了解释这些差异，研究了所有元素与气候参数之间的相关性。结果表明，夜间城市热岛强度与颗粒物水平呈正相关，风速与颗粒物水平呈负相关，这可能是由于大气稳定性增强所致。(C)2004爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Relationships between sources and levels of particulate matter and climatic parameters (urban heat island intensity, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity) were investigated in the coastal city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania's largest city. Measurements were made during the wet and dry seasons of 2001 at an urban and a rural site. Five elements were used to represent different sources: K in fine particles (biomass), Zn in fine particles (industry), Cl in coarse particles (sea spray), Ti in coarse particles (soil) and Pb in fine particles (traffic). The concentrations of these elements varied considerably between the urban and rural site during both the wet and dry season, with the urban site in the dry season having the highest concentrations. Diurnal differences are also apparent, although not as straightforward. In an attempt to explain these differences, correlations between all elements and the climatic parameters were investigated. The results show that the nocturnal urban heat island intensity was positively correlated and wind speed negatively correlated with particulate levels, presumably due to the increased atmospheric stability. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.