A STUDY OF THE ECOLOGY OF THE ADULT BOGONG MOTH, AGROTIS-INFUSA (BOISD) (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS BEHAVIOUR DURING MIGRATION AND AESTIVATION
A STUDY OF THE ECOLOGY OF THE ADULT BOGONG MOTH, AGROTIS-INFUSA (BOISD) (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS BEHAVIOUR DURING MIGRATION AND AESTIVATION
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DOI：
10.1071/zo9540223
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发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
COMMON, IFB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
COMMON, IFB
在三个夏季对博贡蛾的生态和行为进行了观察。小地老虎 (Agrotis infusa)，在澳大利亚阿尔卑斯山海拔约 4000 英尺以上的地区以大型群落出现。春季的飞蛾迁徙到山区，在山顶或山顶附近某些岩石露头的缝隙和小洞穴中群居地过夏。每年从十一月初到四月初，许多飞蛾“营地”都会被占用。夏末和秋季，飞蛾会迁回繁殖地。一小部分夏眠蛾在每天日落后和日出前大约一个小时内变得非常活跃，当时它们在露头上随机飞行。活动似乎是由快速变化的光强度引发的，并伴随着眼睛中的色素迁移。当飞蛾活跃时，它们不会寻求食物，但如果它们碰巧吃到含糖食物，有时会引起进食反应。显然，雨水或露水中的水分是根据需要被吸收的。夏眠蛾无一例外都没有交配，它们的卵巢也不成熟。他们的脂肪体发育良好，夏季和秋季的一系列估算表明，平均。雄性腹部脂肪含量超过干重的61%，雌性腹部脂肪含量超过干重的51%。各种捕食者对夏眠蛾的攻击似乎并不重要，但仲夏时节，一种拟鱼线虫的幼虫从寄生的蛾中孵化出来，造成了一些死亡。这种寄生虫似乎仅限于飞蛾营地，其生命周期已适应宿主的夏眠习惯。 1952 年冬末和早春期间，在新南威尔士州广大地区的牧场上采集了 A. infusa 的成熟幼虫。它们在西部斜坡和平原的重质土壤上最为丰富，对 1997 年的亚麻籽作物造成严重损害。国家和 s。昆士兰。厚重的自覆盖土壤的主要区域被广泛定义为大量飞蛾的起源地。尽管A. infusa是一种多化菌，但有证据表明，春季一代的成虫会发生兼性滞育。这与迁徙一起使得大多数成年人能够在夏季避开繁殖地，因为夏季牧场上主要是幼虫不喜欢的多年生草本植物。当幼虫赖以生存的双子叶一年生植物发芽时，这些个体会在夏末和秋季返回繁殖地。
Observations were made during 3 summers on ecology and behavior of bogong moth. Agrotis infusa, which occurs in large assemblages at altitudes above about 4000 ft. in Australian Alps. Moths of spring generation migrate to mountains, where they aestivate gregariously in crevices and small caves in certain rock outcrops at or near mountain summits. Many of these moth "camps" are occupied annually from early Nov. until early April. In late summer and autumn, moths migrate back to breeding grounds. A small proportion of aestivating moths became intensely active for a period of about an hour just after sunset and just before sunrise each day, when they indulged in a random flight over outcrops. Activity appeared to be initiated by rapidly changing light intensity, and was accompanied by pigment migration in their eyes. Food was not sought when moths were active, although feeding response was sometimes elicited if they happened to settle on sugary food. Moisture from rain or dew was apparently ingested as required. Without exception aestivating moths had not copulated and their ovaries were immature. Their fat-body was well developed and a series of estimations during summer and autumn showed that avg. fat content of abdomens of males exceeded 61% and of females 51% of dry weight. Attacks by various predators on aestivating moths seemed unimportant, but a mermithid nematode caused some mortality when its larvae emerged from parasitized moths in midsummer. This parasite appeared to be confined to moth camps, where its life cycle has been adapted to aestivating habit of host. Mature larvae of A. infusa were collected during late winter and early spring of 1952 in pastures over a wide area of New South Wales. They were most abundant on heavy soils on Western Slopes and Plains and caused serious damage to linseed crops in n. of the State and in s. Queensland. Main areas of heavy, self-mulching soils, where large moth populations are believed to originate, have been broadly defined. Although A. infusa is a multivoltine sp., there is evidence that a facultative diapause occurs in adults of spring generation. This, together with migration, enables most of adult population to avoid breeding grounds during summer, when pastures are dominated by perennial grasses unpalatable to larvae. Same individuals return to breeding grounds in late summer and autumn, when dicotyledonous annuals upon which larvae feed have germinated.